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Abstract SUMMARY &CONCLUSION This case-control study was designed to investigate the role of serum midkine level in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to analyze the relationship between the serum MK level and disease activity and conducted on 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (group 2)and twenty healthy subjects served as control (group 1). The selected RA patients were further divided into classified into two groups, group 2A; patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (n=30) and group 2B; patients with inactive rheumatoid arthritis (n=30). Complete history, anthropometric, clinical (DAS 28 score), and laboratory characteristics (ESR, CRP, RF, anti-CCP) were investigated. Serum level of Midkine was estimated by ELIZA. Our study revealed: A statistical significant differences between group 1, group 2A and group 2B (P = 0.001) regarding the ESR (mm/1h) levels with no significant difference between group 1vs group 2B (P=0.105). CRP level was high in active RA patients (group 2A) compared to healthy controls (group 1) and inactive RA (group 2B) (P<0.001). A statistical significant differences between group 1, group 2A and group 2B (P= 0.001) regarding the serum RF levels (IU/ml). A significant elevation of serum Anti-CCP levels in active RA patients (group2A) compared to the inactive RA patients (group 2B) and control subjects (group 1) (P= 0.000) with no significant difference between group 1vs group 2B (P= 0.140). A significant elevation of serum midkine levels in active RA patients (group2A) compared to the inactive RA patients (group 2B) and control subjects (group 1) (P= 0.003) with no significant difference between group 1vs group 2B (P= 0.112). |