الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the Egyptian community, tramadol abuse is considered an increasingly alarming phenomenon. The popularity and massive use of tramadol especially among Egyptian youth contribute to alleged usages for treatment of premature ejaculation also for the extension of orgasm and also increase sexual pleasure as it available in many online drug media and stores. However, this abuser life on a blade of a knife and is susceptible to another sexual dysfunction, memory and learning disorder and different metabolic disorders.
This study was designed to investigate the effect of tramadol abuse in rat’s fertility, memory, learning and cognitive function through:
I- Evaluation of the sperm characteristics (sperm motility, count and abnormalities).
II-Biochemical estimation of (Acetylcholinesterase, Na+, k+-ATpase and nitric oxide synthase activities)
III- Hormonal Estimation: (Serotonin in brain tissue and testosterone hormones in plasma)
IV- Determination the expression of programmed cell death genes in brain and testis samples
1-Bax
2-Bcl-2
To achieve that the following protocol was followed:
50 male rats were divided randomly into five groups each of them contain10 rats as the following.