الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hypothermia has been applied therapeutically since antiquity. The Greek physician Hippocrates, the namesake of the Hippocratic Oath, advocated the packing of wounded soldiers in snow and ice.(Polderman; et al., 2004).In the 1950s hypothermia received its first medical application, being used in intracerebral aneurysm surgery to create a bloodless field.(Polderman; et al., 2004).Two landmark human studiesthat were published simultaneously in 2002 by the New England Journal of Medicine, one occurring in Europe and the other in Australia, demonstrated the positive effects of mildhypothermia applied following cardiac arrest,in 2003 the American HeartAssociation (AHA) and the InternationalLiaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) endorsed the use of targeted temperature management following cardiac arrest.(Nolan J.P.; et al, 2003).Currently, a growing percentage of hospitals around the world incorporate the AHA/ILCOR guidelines and include hypothermic therapies in their standard package of care for patients suffering from cardiac arrest.(Dietrich WD; et al., 2011).Targeted temperature management (TTM) previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia is active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes.(Peberdy MA; et al., 2010).