الفهرس 
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Abstract
Trypanosomosis is a disease of camels caused by Trypanosoma evansi which is transmitted mechanically by Tabanus and Stomoxys spp. It has a worldwide distribution.
In the current study, special attention was given to the use of PCR technique in the diagnosis of T.evansi infection in camels at Behera Governorate, Egypt compared to different diagnostic techniques. Besides, investigation of the prevalence of T.evansi infection among camels and its relation to different risk factors (age and season).
A total of 295 blood samples were collected from Kom-Hammada abattoir from male camels of different ages during the period from August 2017 to July 2018. The examination was done through blood film , buffy coat and TBR1/2-based PCR.
The comparative study revealed that the total prevalence of T.evansi was 0.68% using GSBS(2/295), 0.96% using MHCT(2/209) and 63% (63/100) by PCR. The PCR products from TBR 1/2 primers were of 164 bp and 347 bp (multiple bands) due to tandem repeat nature of the target gene. Sequencing results and BLAST analysis of each band showed 90-99% an identity to T.evansi.
Our study showed a higher prevalence of T.evansi during Summer (68%) and in ages between 5-8 years (68.3%).
Our results revealed a statistical difference between PCR technique and parasitological examination in the diagnosis of trypanosomosis. So, PCR is more sensitive and specific technique than conventional parasitological techniques and very useful in surveillance studies.