الفهرس 
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Abstract
The conditions which interfere with the normal ability of persons’ sleep are called sleep disorders .Also sleep problems were defined as any difficulty in falling asleep or failure to maintain sleep.(11) Sleep problems are common in the general population, and approximately one-third of adults report some form of insomnia.(28)The impacts of sleep disorders whether because of inadequate sleep or an untreated sleep problems is a serious health issue.(40)Less than 6-7 h per night of sleep deprivation is responsible for considerable damage in psychomotor and neurocognitive performance such as lowered attention, memory focus, problem-solving capability, critical thinking and lower academic performance too.(85)
The specific objectives of the current study were to determine the sleep pattern of the studied medical students, measure the prevalence of sleep disorders ,reveal possible factors associated with poor sleep quality as well identify the possible association between sleep disorders and academic performance among the students involved.
For fulfillment of these objectives, a cross sectional study was conducted where self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to 450 medical students of Alexandria University from the first to the sixth years during mid-semester in their break time in between classes in the lecture halls and tutorial rooms in presence of the investigator .
The results of this study are presented in six sections namely:
Section I: Characteristics of studied medical students in Alexandria University.
Background characteristics
The age of studied students (n=450) ranged from 18 to 25 years with a mean age of the students of 21 ± 1.8 years. More than half of students (54.4%) were females. Majority of the students (92.2%) were Egyptians. Majority of the students (98.7%) were single. Slightly more than three quarters of the students (77.6%) were living in urban cities. More than a third of the students (35.8 %) were living in student hostels.
Socioeconomic and family characteristics of studied medical students
The majority of the fathers of the studied students (82.4 %) were university graduates while (1.3%) were illiterate. Most of the students had university graduated mothers (73.1%) and minorities of mothers were either illiterate (2.4%) or had no formal education (3.6%). More than half of fathers of studied students had professional work (58.4 %) ,while 1.8% were militaries. More than one third (38%) of mother’s occupation were professional while 2.2% were workers. Less than two thirds of studied students (62.7 %) stated that their average monthly family income was sufficient while 3.3% mentioned insufficient income. More than one tenth (14%) had positive family history of sleep disorders.