الفهرس 
Cerebral PalsyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cerebral palsy is due to damage occurring to the developing brain. This damage can occur during pregnancy, delivery, the first month of life, or less commonly in early childhood. Cerebral palsy is one of the most common causes of physical disability in childhood. Rates of cerebral palsy appear to be similar in both the developing and developed world. The overall CP morbidity rate will automatically increase unless a substantially improved outcome in survivors can be achieved. Children with CP are predisposed to many complications including renal stones. The aim of this study was detection of prevalence and risk factors of urolithiasis in children with cerebral palsy. Subjects and Methods: This cross sectional case control study was conducted on forty children suffering from cerebral palsy who were attending the Pediatric Neurology Unit of Tanta University Hospital through the period from March 2018 to March 2019. Forty age and sex matched children were taken as a control group. Inclusion criteria: • Children suffering from different types of cerebral palsy at any age. Exclusion criteria: • Children whose parents refuse to participate in the study. • Children receiving drugs that can cause renal stones e.g. topiramate, ephedrine, sulfamethoxazole – trimethoprim and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. All children in this study were subjected to the following after an informed consent from their parent and approval from the Ethical Committee of Tanta University Hospital: 1. History taking. 2. Carful physical and neurological examination. 3. Gross motor function classification system (GMFCS). 4. Specific investigatioal studies: A- Hematological investigations: o Total serum calcium. o Serum uric acid. o Serum creatinine. B- Urinary o Complete urine analysis o Urine culture. o Urinary chemistry: - Urinary calcium/ creatinine ratio. - Urinary magnesium/ creatinine ratio. C - Imaging study o Plain X-ray of abdomen. o Pelvic and renal ultrasonography. Results: This study revealed that: o Children with CP had statistically significant higher levels of serum calcium than controls. o Children with CP had statistically significant higher levels of urinary calcium, detected by calcium /creatinine ratio, than controls. o Children with CP had higher levels of serum uric acid than controls. o The percentage of pus cells and crystals was higher among CP children and urine culture was positive in 17.5% of cases indicating urinary tract infection in those children. o Five out of forty (12.5%) children suffering from CP had renal stones detected by plain X ray and ultrasonography.