الفهرس 
الفصل الأول الإطار العام للدراسةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 171 |  |  |
| | | from | 171 | | |
المستخلص
The current development in the sports field is the result of various researches, studies and sciences that have contributed to the progress of the sports movement in all fields and fields. These sciences, the most important of which were employed to improve the level of sports performance, sports psychology also contributed to this development, which has a great and obvious impact along with the rest of theoretical and applied sciences in the sports field and seeks to solve a lot of mathematical problems to reach Me the best promising results through the preparation and development of the psychological aspect.
In this regard, Mohammed Allawi (2018) points out that psychology is a science that receives a clear interest among individuals and groups of all kinds, as it is applied science concerned with human behavior and experience and mental and psychological processes in various fields related to sports and physical practice (63:50 )
Abbas Al-Ramli and Zeinab Abdel-Hamid (2000) said that the sound strength reflects the individual’s integrated physical, psychological, mental and social aspects. The strength is one of the most important indicators indicating the health and safety of the human body. Good increases the sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm and initiative to work, while in contrast to the strength of the weak individual may feel a lack of self-confidence and depression reflected in the form of transactions and contacts with individuals and attitudes towards the society in which they live. (51:11)
Mohammed Sobhi Hassanein and Mohamed Abdelsalam Ragheb (2003) said that there is rarely a self-confident person who suffers from any deformity, and vice versa. A person with low self-confidence, sad or introverted often has a deformity. And that bad textures are accompanied by poor self-confidence and the possibility of the emergence of aggressive tendencies on others, and not all problems of textures can be due to environmental factors or genetic reasons, but there are these problems that are a reflection of some of the psychological troubles or emotional disturbances in the personality, Falling head and shoulders fallen For some girls during the course His puberty due to shyness and lack of self-confidence.
Since the strength has a positive relationship with many vital areas of the human, including: health and personality, social success and psychological aspects and increase production and practice of daily routines successfully and excel and enjoy recreational sports practice ......, it is one of the ingredients of a happy life for man.
And play psychological aspects play a large role in the formation of strength, the child involved and isolated often get many deformities of the textures, and many physical deformities are a reflection of some psychological troubles or emotional disturbances in the personality.
Shyness and poor self - confidence may make the teenager keen to lower his head down, which exposes him to the head fall in front, and the strange thing that we half the teenager always looked down as polite and does not raise his eye to address. (55: 5-7)
Ghada Mahmoud (2014) pointed out that trust is an important factor for the success of personal relationships between human beings, a double way you get the trust of others when you trust them, for example if the player wants to gain the confidence of his coach, you must trust him and tell him what is going on Your life, and sometimes you must work to gain the confidence of others, especially if something happened to make them lose confidence in you, and self-confidence is a major cause of creativity and the success of any human being, trust is a solid ground from which the forces of activity that affect the school life, or practical, social And sports training. (10:43)
The low self-confidence of the athlete leads to the achievement of low results in competitive performance, as well as the confidence of excessive or exaggerated self-confidence also lead to the same results, while self-confidence, which is based on the capabilities, skills, characteristics and personal characteristics of the athlete, which is called the term self-confidence The best, which means that the athlete knows the limits of his abilities and tries to invest them to the maximum extent in achieving the desired goals, it contributes significantly to the athlete’s ability to perform well. (2:62)
Shyness is one of the undesirable behavioral patterns especially in the field of sports activities and the appetite for its practice, where these sports activities are based on interaction and harmony between members of the group, whether in individual or group activities, as well as need boldness and courage and the ability to face difficult circumstances. (4:21)
Osman and Hassan (2003) point out that shyness is a common terminology in everyday dealing to describe some people who exhibit certain psychological traits such as social anxiety, social sensitivity, fear of high status and social conservatism. Shyness in Rogers’ theory is interpreted as the result of mismatches Between experience and self-concept is explained within the framework of cognitive behavioral school that is the result of the formation of beliefs and misconceptions as well as processes of self-observation. (209: 33)
According to Hanan bint Asaad, quoting ”Fakher Aqil” (2002), shame is a state of inability to adapt to the social environment. (12:18)
Mohammed Hassan Allawi and Mohammed Nasruddin Radwan (1998) noted that the concept of physical self is one of the important dimensions of the concept of self and the personality of the individual, Fischer pointed out that the individual’s attitudes towards his body is an important indicator of different aspects of his personality and the individual feeling that his body is large Or small attractive or unattractive, strong or weak may be very useful in identifying the concept of self and the pattern of behavior towards others. The difference in physical composition is accompanied by a difference in the concept of self and each adds also that there is a relatively high relationship between the concept of physical self and self - acceptance.
Since the most important dimensions of the concept of self linked to the field of physical self, physical self and self-skill, and emphasizes that the concept of physical self is one of the important dimensions of the concept of self as the attitudes of the individual towards his body is an important indicator of different aspects of his personality and that the difference in physical composition accompanied There is also a relatively high relationship between the concept of physical self and self-acceptance. (54: 608: 607)
In the view of ”Badran” (2004) that aggressive behavior is a behavioral manifestation of the vent or projection of the child suffering severe emotional crises, where some players tend to sabotage or aggressive behavior towards others in their person or their luggage, whether at home, club or community. (125: 42)
Mahmoud Mohamed Abdel Azim (1999) indicates that aggression is an instinct, motive or intention to cause harm, and hurting the adversary is the expected outcome of this behavior. (25:64)
Aggression is a visible and perceived behavior that aims to harm one or the other. It is also one of the most serious social problems used in the modern era, as it is a sprawling problem because it combines the psychological, social and economic impact on both the individual and society. It is found that any act of aggression can produce more aggressive acts (violence generates violence). (96:36)
Usama Rateb et al. (2006) refers to aggressive behavior as a psychological phenomenon related to the emotion of anger and the goals of the individual that seeks to achieve, and this behavior appears in different forms and methods, but they all mean aggression, it is one of the human qualities that have haunted man since ancient times, so I suppose some The origin of aggression is inherent, while others see it as a result of frustration. Others believe that aggression is the result of learning processes and social normalization. (139: 6)
Mohammed Allawi (2018) explains that aggression and violence are all unacceptable and unacceptable behaviors and should be curbed and criminalized in the field of sports, which is characterized by fair competition in light of well-known laws and regulations. (354: 50)
Ahmad Fawzi (2006) points out that the competitive sports field is one of the most important humanitarian areas where aggression is apparent. There are many manifestations of aggression that start with cynicism and threats and end with physical harm that may lead to injury to the opponent or opponent, or sabotage and destruction of property. Athletic competition is not limited to players amongst themselves, but may be extended to referees, administrators and coaches. (306: 1)
Mustafa Sayeh (2007) explains that the emotional aspect in controlling the apparent behavioral aspects of the players and aggressive behavior is the biggest aspect that controls the player’s emotions in general and lack of control impedes his emotional growth and may lead the player to psychological conflicts. (137: 65)
This phenomenon has spread clearly in recent years in the field of sports and has become a threat to the moral and security aspects of sports, aggression and violence all behaviors rejected and inappropriate and should be curbed and criminalized in the field of sports, which is characterized by fair competition under the laws and regulations fixed and known (354: 50)
The term ”Muhammad Ibrahim” (2010) means the term adolescence as used in psychology the transition from childhood (preparation stage for adolescence) to adulthood and maturity and that adolescence is ready for adulthood and extends from the second decade of an individual’s life from the thirteenth to nineteenth Almost or a year or two years ago or a year or two years later (between 11 and 21 years), therefore, adolescence is sometimes known as The Teen Years and teenagers are sometimes known as Teen Agers and that adolescence is one of the episodes of the psychological growth cycle we can imagine adolescence as one of the episodes in The cycle of psychological growth is affected by previous episodes and affected Turn in the episodes following her. (48: 197)
Munther explains that ”adolescence” is a stage of physical maturity, which is characterized by some disorders that soon end with the end of the stage, and some of these disorders can be attributed to rapid physical changes and mental development, which takes its course at this stage. (177: 66)
Ali Faleh Al-Hindawi (2005) also points out that at this stage there are fundamental, organic and psychological changes in the life of the individual, which leads to the imbalance of the individual because of the difference in speed of growth, as well as lead to confusion of the individual and the tendency of his behavior to something like anomalies, and sometimes call this The period (negative period) psychologically, since the individual loses his balance, because he is no longer a child as he was in the past, and has not yet become an adult, he is a confused creature. (277:40)
Texture is the building block on which the human body is built, and its physical appearance, as the skeleton is unified in individuals (231: 56).
Safa Al-Kharboutly (2000) believes that a healthy body is the best thing that the state offers its people. No one ever denies the bad effect on the appearance and shape, and the defects of the textures have changed the future. Young people, and some countries tended to not accept the person to the job, or change the type of job or dismissal of the employee or worker who has risen because of illness or injury. (10:30)
Human strength is one of the important topics, and one of the indicators of the state of health, through the strength of the human can exercise various types of physical activities, and good strength is a manifestation of modern life and evidence of the progress of peoples, and one of the health indicators. (6: 9)
In the view of ”Ahmed Sayed” (2003) that the sound strength helps the body to carry out its duties and functions best do, and this is reflected in the state of psychological and health, where it seems more moderate and slimmer, that the good strength earns its owner a stylish appearance so it seems more self-confident and more sense of satisfaction and freedom In the movement, and affects the strength of the activities of the individual daily activities, ie, that his daily activity affects the strength and therefore his health and life. (300: 4)
Ahmed Al-Shishani (2005) also asserts that a good strength of the characteristics and features that work for the individual in many respects. For example, a good and consistently engineered texture according to the natural arrangement of the external parts of the body ie the skeleton and the layers that cover it (muscles / fat) allows the individual In terms of health that its internal organs are able to perform their natural functions to the fullest and without any obstacles that limit the effectiveness of these organs and functional efficiency at the same time, a good strength gives a positive initial impression of the individual, which earns the good strength of the advantage of social acceptance The same good strength gives the individual confidence in himself and thus contribute to this confidence from the social point of view. In fact, good strength is only a (sound mechanical) of the parts of the body are consistent and harmonized in these parts so that the movement of human beings of all kinds and degrees easy and in all directions that allow Mechanism and parts of the body and therefore a good strength is a necessary condition for excellence and excellence in physical and motor activities. (3: 3)
Farag Abdel Hamid (2005) believes that the strength is the general appearance of the body is moderate rectum and consists of the proper strength of the individual muscle work on the bones and other organs of the body to maintain the integrity and moderation of the body against gravity while preventing the body from bending and keep it in a normal position, and the integrity of organs Ligaments and bones maintain the strength of the person as the weakness or disease devoid of strength and resulting in deformations, and take the body or some parts of the forms and abnormal situations such as curves and curvature that reduce the balance of the body. (13:44)
Good strength is a general catalyst in motor education by facilitating the performance of different movements and skills without hindrance. Strength and attention to textures are vital and very important for our children. A child with good strength is a useful individual in society, while a child with bad strength is affected by his strength and becomes involved. Himself may lead to some diseases, and may become an unproductive member of society.
According to Nahed Abdul Rahim (2007), the deviation of textures is a state of apparent imbalance between the different bodies of the body and leads to exerting extra energy during movement and stability (13:68).
The poor body is the external shape of the human body where there is an increase or decrease in the natural curves of the body or any abnormal shape of any part of the body. (6:69)
Saleh Mohammed Saad (2013) pointed out that the areas most affected by postural deviations is the spine, which affects many deformities such as lateral curvature, which occurs in the whole spine or in some of its vertebrae, which can be seen by the height of one shoulder from the other when placing Arms next to the body. (34:29)
the study Problem :
Through the work of the researcher in the teaching profession of physical education noticed the reluctance of some students who have deviations apparent strength of the practice of sports activities, as noted by the researcher through reference studies such as Rasha Abdul Razzaq Abdul Suhail (2017), and the study of Mohammed Subhi Hassanin, Mohammed Abdul Salam Ragheb (2003), Motahareh Moslehi, Abdulamir Saiiari, Fatemeh Marashiyan (2011), and Muhammad Ali Al-Nubi (2010). There is a correlation between the normal deviations in that important stage in the individual growth stages and the variables. Psychological under study and through which show The psychological testicle of the individual and the presence of differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities with posture deviations in the psychological variables under study, which led the researcher to conduct that study to try to identify the relationship between the psychological variables under study and some deviations in the preparatory stage (early adolescence) and identify the differences between Practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities with posture deviations in psychological variables under study.
where there is rarely a person who is self-confident and has any deformity, and vice versa, the opposite is also true, a person who lacks confidence in himself or sad or introverted often have deformations of the body, and the bad strength is accompanied by poor self-confidence and the possibility of the emergence of aggressive tendencies on others Not all problems can be attributed to environmental or genetic factors, but there are some of these problems that are a reflection of some psychological troubles or emotional disturbances in the personality.Ras head and fall shoulders of some girls during puberty due to shame and lack of self-confidence. (5:55)
the importance of studying :
First: the theoretical importance of the study:
The theoretical significance of the study is due to the scarcity of scientific trends from specialists in the field of sports psychology in the relationship between the stray deviations of that important age in the stages of individual growth and some psychological variables under study, which shows the psychological personality of the individual and the differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities with stray deviations In the psychological variables under study, which prompted the researcher to conduct that study to try to identify the relationship between some of the psychological variables under study and some deviations in the textbook preparatory stage (early adolescence) And to identify the differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities with posture deviations in the psychological variables under study.
Second: the practical importance of the study:
The results of the study can be of interest in the psychological rehabilitation of those who have aberrations deviation, and interest in spreading awareness of the textures especially for this stage of the year under study, interest in the early detection and treatment of aberrations deviations.
Objectives of the study :
This study aims to identify:
1 - The relationship between stray deviations and psychological variables under study (self-confidence - shyness - aggression - physical self) for students of the preparatory stage with deviations stamina phenomenon
2 - differences between students with the deviations of nationalist practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities in the psychological variables under study (self-confidence - shyness - aggression - physical self) for students of the preparatory stage.
Assumptions: Study hypotheses
- There is a statistically significant correlation between the stray deviations and the psychological variables under study (self-confidence, shyness, aggression and physical self) for the preparatory stage students with apparent stray deviations.
- There are statistically significant differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities in the psychological variables under study (self-confidence, shyness, aggression and physical self) for the preparatory stage students with apparent deviations.
Terminology of study :
- Sports confidence: Sport confidence
And knows ”Mohamed Hassan Allawi” (2009) confidence ”is the sense of the value of the person among himself around him translated this confidence into a movement of movements and habitation and human behaves naturally without anxiety or awe, Vtarkmt is governed and not others are stemming from the same does not concern the people around By contrast, lack of confidence makes a person behave like an observer around him, and his movements become contrary to his nature and anxiety becomes his first ally in every decision. (168: 52)
- Shyness: Shynes
Fakher Akil (2002) points out that shame is a state of inability to adapt to the social environment. (6:18)
- Physical self
It is in which the individual presents his view of his body, his health, physical appearance, skills and gender. (12:71)
- Aggression: Aggressive
Sykes pointed out that aggression is ”the initiation of quarreling and motivation to confront or fight with the other or the tendency to aggression and cracking” (132: 42)
- Adolescence: Addescence
A word derived from the Latin verb Addoleseene means the transition from childhood ”preparation and adolescence” to adulthood and adolescence. Two years or a year or two years later, between (11-12) years, and gradually towards physical, mental, emotional and social maturity. (7:22)
- Textures: posture
Is the appearance or form taken by the body and is determined by the positions of the various joints that can be controlled by the tone of the muscular system. (7:24)
- Moderate textures: Good posture
Iqbal defines Abbas Ramli as saying that “every part of the body is in the normal position consistent with the other anatomically recognized part so that the muscles make the least effort on their muscle tone to maintain proper postures” (13:30)
Textural deviation: Poor posture
An anomaly in the form of an organ or part of the body, and its deviation from anatomically recognized position resulting in a change in the organ’s relationship to other organs. (31:47)
Study Approach:
The descriptive method (survey method) was used in its steps and procedures to suit the objectives of the study.
Study population:
The study population (4800 students) of boys enrolled in the preparatory stage in Nasser Educational Administration in Beni Suef Governorate for the academic year 2018/2019, represents 27% of the total preparatory stage boys enrolled in educational administration in Nasser, Beni Suef Governorate for the academic year 2018/2019.
The study sample:
The researcher selected the study sample by deliberate method where the size of the sample reached (301) students with some visible deviations and observation of the naked eye without other injuries by 6% percentage of the study population, where the researcher conducted a comprehensive survey of (4800) students from the preparatory stage Enrolled in the Educational Administration of Nasser, Beni Suef Governorate for the academic year 2018/2019 to identify people with aberrations.
Executive steps of the study:
1- Reviewing references and studies related to the subject of the study.
2. Writing the theoretical framework.
3 - Preparation of an expert survey form to identify psychological variables under study.
Determine the measures used to conduct the study.
Conducting scientific transactions for measurements on a sample of (48) students.
6 - Apply measures (self-confidence, aggression, physical self, shyness) to a sample of (253) of people with deviations of the national, including (58) practicing sports activity.
7. Data collection and statistical processing procedures.
8. Presentation and discussion of results.
9. Writing recommendations.
Data Collection Tools:
In light of the theoretical readings and reference studies, according to the study requirements, the researcher used the following tools to collect the data:
Prepare an expert survey form to identify psychological variables under study.
2- The researcher used the measure of self-confidence, prepared by / Mohammed Allawi (1998).
3 - The researcher used the scale of aggression (the tendency towards the competitor) by / Mohammed Allawi (1998).
4 - The researcher used the physical self-scale (my body as I see it) by / Mohammed Allawi (1998).
5- The researcher used the measure of shyness in the field of sports, the preparation / Rami Saleh, and facilitate Mansi, and Abdul Salam Jaber (2013).
6- Instruments for measuring the deviations of textures.
7. ”Pancraft” thread and gravity test The purpose of the test: to measure the curves of the body forward and backward.
Test bars (Kerton and Jenny) Purpose: To determine the front and rear bends.
9. RITZ test The purpose of the test is to measure the lateral curvature of the spine.
10 - a device screen textures, a device whose purpose: to identify the deviations textures.
Methods of statistical treatments:
The researcher used the statistical coefficients appropriate to the nature of the study and the statistical program (SPSS) was used to calculate the statistical coefficients of the study according to the latest version.
Study conclusions:
Based on the results of this study and in the light of the methodology used and within the areas in which this study was carried out, the following conclusions were reached:
1 - There is a correlation statistically significant between the deviations of the textures and self-confidence of students in the middle school with deviations textures apparent.
2 - There is a correlation statistically significant between the deviations of the textures and shyness of the students of the preparatory stage with deviations textures apparent.
3 - There is a significant correlation between static deviations and aggression for the preparatory stage students with apparent deviations.
4 - There is a correlation statistically significant between the deviations of the body self - physical for the students of the middle school students with deviations of the textures apparent.
5 - There are statistically significant differences between practitioners and non-practitioners of sports activities in the psychological variables under study (self-confidence - shyness - aggression - physical self) for students in the preparatory stage with visible deviations.
Study Recommendations:
In light of the results of this study and within the limits of the areas in which this study was carried out, the researcher makes the following recommendations:
1 - the need to pay attention to student health cards and record the status of each student card card from the first stages of education and followed up to the university level.
2 - The researcher recommends conducting similar studies on the different age and educational stages of both sexes so that the impact of national deviations at different stages on the mental health of students can be identified.
3 - Attention to spread the awareness of textures, especially for this stage of the Sunni under study.
4- Paying attention to the programs of treatment of aberrations deviations.
5 - attention to the early detection of deviations and treatment of posture.
6 - attention to the psychological rehabilitation of those who have deviations stature