الفهرس 
Hypercholesterolemia
ResultsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 171 |  |  |
| | | from | 171 | | |
Abstract
This study was investigate the beneficial role of flaxseed oil, Moringa oleifera as a Medicinal plants and atorvastatin (lipitor drug) on hypercholesterolemic adult male albino rats. Flaxseed is the seed from the flax plant, an annual herb, which is a member of the Linaceae family. It thrives in deep moist soils rich in sand, silt, and clay. The specie is native to the region extending from the eastern Mediterranean, through Western Asia and the Middle East, to India. The Latin name of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) means “very useful”, and it has two basic varieties: brown and yellow or golden (also known as golden linseeds). Flaxseed, of Mesopotamic origin, has been cultivated since 5000 BC, being used until the 1990s principally for the fabrication of cloths and papers. Today it is cultivated in over 2.6 million ha and the important linseed growing countries are India, China, United States, Ethiopia. The whole flaxseed is flat and oval with pointed tips and contains a seed coat or true hull (also called testa), a thin endosperm, two embryos and an embryo axis. Every part of the linseed plant is utilized commercially, either directly or after processing. The shell yields good quality fiber having high mechanical properties and low density instead the seed provides oil rich in omega-3, digestible proteins and lignans; it is also use to manufacture paints, varnishes, linoleum, oilcloths, printing inks, soaps and numerous other products. Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringa oleifera) is the most extensively cultivated tree species of the genus Moringa that belongs to the family Moringaceae. Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, distributed in different parts of tropics and sub-tropics around the world. Each part of this tree is edible and could be consumed by humans. The Moringa oleifera tree has numerous vernacular names such as Horseradish tree Marango, Kelor, Drumstick tree, Horseradish tree, Moringa oleifera is considered as one of the most beneficial tree in the world, it has several traditional medicines, industrial and nutritional uses. This tree is a perennial soft wood tree with timber of low quality, as an important crop in some countries in the world. Various parts of Moringa oleifera are highly nutritious and contain important minerals, proteins, vitamins, antioxidant, β-carotene amino acids and various phenolic. The leaves of Moringa oleifera are a good source of a natural antioxidant due to the presence of various compounds such as ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolic and carotenoids. Lipitor (commercial name of atorvastatin) is a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMGCoA to mevalonate, an early and rate-limiting step in cholosterol biosynthesis. The study was planned to use one hundred male albino rats were weighting (150±10 g) to use in this experiment. These rats were divided into 10 main groups (ten rats of each) and fed on diets for 4 weeks as following: group (A): The negative control group (-ve) which contain (10 rats) feeding on natural diet, and receiving nothing treatments.group (B): The positive control group (+ve) which contain (90 rats) feeding on high fat diet (HFD) for 12th week after that this group treated a weekly by (400 mg / kg b.w) a dose of triton x- 100 (induced hyperlipidemia) for two weeks (13th and 14th week), after that this group divided randomly into (9) groups each group contain (10 rats), which treated for 8 weeks as follows: Gp (B): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats (positive control group) Gp (1): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 50 mg/kg/d body weight of Lipitor. Gp (2): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 50 mg/kg/d body weight of Lipitor + 500 mg / kg/d body weight of flaxseed oil. Gp (3): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 50 mg/kg Lipitor + 150 mg / kg/d body weight of Moringa oleifera extract. Gp (4): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 500 mg / kg/d body weight of flaxseed oil. Gp (5): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 500 mg / kg/d body weight of flaxseed oil + 150 mg / kg/d body weight of Moringa oleifera extract. Gp (6): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 150 mg /kg/ d body weight of Moringa oleifera extract. Gp (7): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 100 mg / kg/ d body weight of Moringa oleifera meal. Gp (8): Hypercholesterolemic male albino rats + 0.4 mL/ 100g /d body weight of Moringa oleifera oil. At the end of the experimental period (12th,14th ,18th and 22nd) rats were fasting overnight and blood samples were collected from the venous plexus located at the medial canthus of the eye by heparinized capillary tubes for subsequent biochemical analysis to determine the lipid profile (Cholesterol (CHO) ,Triglyceride (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL) and (LDL) low density lipoprotein). At the termination of the experiment, the liver was quickly excised, washed by ice-cold isotonic NaCl saline and processed for analyzing of antioxidant enzymes activities (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), (GR) Glutathione reductase) and biochemical marker assays (Malondialdehyde (MDA)). The data of flaxseed oil showed a major risk factor to increase the body weight and can’t reduce the lipid profile and not improving of antioxidant enzymes. Also the results of Moringa oleifera could be summarized that meal (Mm) can decrease the body weight and reduce the lipid profile and improving of antioxidant enzymes.