الفهرس 
Chapter 1: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 167 |  |  |
| | | from | 167 | | |
Abstract
The miniaturization of electronic devices has a great effort from the
researchers. Numbers of technologies have been investigated to do that. Moreover,
the design of ultra-fast switching speed with high contrast ratio devices, and their
availability to operate in broadband operating regions come as the best figure of
merits. By the invention of optical devices, new attempts (e.g., semiconductor
optical amplifiers (SOAs), periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides,
and ring resonators) were proposed to operate in all-optical regimes; but
unfortunately they suffered from several disadvantages. Photonic crystals have
appeared as an alternative technology to avoid such defects, which are
characterized by its high operating speed, small dimension, and lower power
consumption.
In this thesis, three applications that based on photonic crystals are designed,
tested and optimized (e.g., AND/OR logic gates, (4x2)-encoder, half subtractor).
They are built on a two-dimensional linear square lattice platform. They consist of
one ring resonator with cylindrical Silicon rods suspended in an air background,
and are not sensitive to the applied input phase shift. No auxiliary or bias input is
required for operation. An enhancement process has been done to the rod radius.
Different topologies are explored and assessment factors were extracted. The
results reflected on the proposed design to achieve a multi-wavelength,
simultaneous operation at ultra-bit rates with compact and simple structures. The
contrast ratio calculation provides acceptable records. Finite difference time
domain and plane wave expansion methods are used for analyzing these structures.
These designs are suitable for integration in high speed photonic networks.