الفهرس 
Diabetic nephropathy
HyperglycemiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary and conclusion
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major chronic microvascular
complications in diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of end-stage renal
disease, accounting for nearly half of all incident cases of end-stage renal
disease in the developed world.
In 2014, the American Diabetes Association and the National Kidney
Foundation reached an agreement which diabetic nephropathy was referred to
as the chronic kidney disease caused by diabetes mellitus, with a persistent
estimated glomerular filtration rate of < 60 ml per min per 1.73 m2 or a urinary
albumin/creatinine ratio of > 30 mg/g for more than 3 months.
Assessment of renal disorders using earlier, more sensitive and specific
markers can optimize detection of renal impairment in diabetic patients with
normal albumin excretion rate (early nephropathy).
Several low-molecular weight proteins (ribonuclease, b-2 microglobulin,
retinol binding protein, a-1 microglobulin and cystatin C) have been
investigated as markers of glomerular filtration rate. Of these endogenous
markers of glomerular filtration rate, Cystatin C and b-2 microglobulin are most
frequently investigated and recent publications have shown Cystatin C to be the
most promising.
This study was carried out at The Department of Internal Medicine, Tanta
University Hospitals on 50 patients. The duration of the study was 12 months.