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Abstract T his study was conducted to measure the level of CD155 in newly diagnosed adult Egyptian acute myeloid leukemia patients and post chemotherapy, as well as its possible the correlation of CD155 with other prognostic factors in AML. AML subjects had higher serum CD155 level compared to control subjects with statistically highly significant difference (P-value <0.001). AML patients with high risk cytogenetics had higher serum CD155 level compared to those with non-high risk cytogenetics (P <0.001). High levels of CD155 at diagnosis is associated with high rate of relapse with statistically highly significant difference (P <0.001). No correlation could be found between serum CD155 and FAB type M1, M2,M4,M5,M6 in patients with AML (p= 0.370) There is a correlation could be found between serum CD155 level and total leucocytic count, risk stratification in patients with AML (P <0.001) and (P =0.047) respectively. AML patients with high serum CD155 level achieved minimal residual disease (MRD) more than those with low or average serum CD155 level (P <0.001). AML patients with low serum CD155 level achieved 1st complete response (CR) higher than those with high serum CD155 level at diagnosis and day 21 (P <0.001). No correlation could be found between serum CD155 level and percentage of blasts cell in bone marrow in patients with AML (P = 0.739) High levels of CD155 at diagnosis and day 21 is associated with high rate of resistance with statistically highly significant difference (P <0.001). There is no statistically significant correlation between serum CD155 level at diagnosis and day 21 and relapse rate in patients with AML (P = 0.635). AML patients with high level of serum CD155 at diagnosis and 21 days is associated with poor outcome (P= 0.03) and (P= 0.01) respectively. The most common complications that associated with poor outcome are oral fungal infection (OFI), bleeding and pneumonia (P= 0.053) and (P= 0.011) respectively The most common cause of death that associated with poor outcome are Septicemia (P= 0.039). High level of serum CD155 at diagnosis and 21 days is associated with poor outcome with statistically significant difference and This table showed that AML patients with high serum CD155 level had shorter overall survival (OS) and disease free survival at diagnosis and day 21 with statistically significant difference(P =0.007)and P =0.012) respectively. The level of CD155 at day of diagnosis and at 21 days was divided into two groups according to median. At day of diagnosis the median overall survival was found significantly higher in cases with CD155 level ≤ 75 than those with CD155 level > 75 with p-value = 0.004. Also at 21 days the median overall survival of cases with CD155 level ≤ 170 was found significantly higher than those with CD155 > 170 with p-value = 0.025. The level of CD155 at day of diagnosis and at 21 days was divided into two groups according to median. At day of diagnosis the median disease free survival was found significantly higher in cases with CD155 level ≤ 75 than those with CD155 level > 75 with p-value < 0.001. Also at 21 days the median disease free survival of cases with CD155 level ≤ 170 was found significantly higher than those with CD155 > 170 with p-value = 0.001. |