الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 36 |  |  |
| | | from | 36 | | |
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinically defined syndrome with a wide range of ejection fraction (EF) values of the left ventricle (LV). Patients with HF can be categorized into those with impaired ejection fraction (systolic heart failure [SHF]) and those with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Accumulating evidence shows that SHF and HFpEF are 2 distinct disease entities and have different etiology, epidemiology, and response to treatment (90,91). Patients with HFpEF were previously assumed to have a better prognosis than patients with depressed systolic function. Recent data suggest that mortality rates and rates of rehospitalization are not significantly different between the 2 groups. Moreover, in contrast to the improvement in survival in patients with SHF, mortality from HFpEF has remained the same (144).