الفهرس 
Classification of Meandering Streams
Sediment Analysis ResultsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Water streams refinement refers to the structural measures which are taken to improve natural stream stability specially when having vulnerable banks. Generally, meandering formed when the moving water in a stream causes bank erosion and sediment deposit and widens its valleydue to: valley flatness, flow obstruction like rocks, aquatic weed or fallen trees, and varianceof soil composition and flow pattern within the stream way. Although meandering involves various factors such as planimetric geometry, flow rate, velocity, morphology, and sedimentology, that all could be individually deterministic, their aggregated behavior is still unpredictable. In Bahr Youssef,as a semi-natural stream, meandering severely affects the stream regime and performance. Hydraulically, it distorts flow pattern and alerts instability and section deformity. Economically, it reduces the stream carrying capacity and descends flow conveyance for watering, irrigation and navigation purposes.
Environmentally meandering affects fauna and flora system, endangering natural stability of the aquaculture, and threatening public and private property (i.e. causes urban and arable land losses). Meanwhile, Bahr Youssef gained its importance from being the main carrier canal connecting the River Nile with El-Fayoum depression, serving about 850.000 feds in the Middle Egypt, for irrigation purposes in El- Minya, El-Fayoum, Bani-Sweif, and Giza governorates.The study aimed at evaluating and diagnosis meandering within the study reach, and then comparison with the previous predictors, aiming at adapting a ”Meandering Prediction Technique” for B.Y.
Research methodology comprised primer data collection from irrigation authority, developing GIS maps on the study reach, and performing field investigations concerning; tachometric surveys, velocity pattern observations, and soil sampling.
As introducing effective approaches for accurate estimation of B.Y. meandering was of the main objectives; the previous prediction techniques were evaluatedtocheck its liability and validity with field measurements.
The obtained results comprised determination of the planimetric geometry of meandering process, classification of B.Y. meandering due to its sinuosity, as well as description of the flow velocity pattern within specific meandered sections (inflexion and apex sections), and analysis of the scouring/deposition process within the crossover reaches. In addition, soil investigation on bed material distribution had indicated the internal sediment process. Moreover, geometric meandering-data analysis had yielded several characteristic empirical equations that best describe B.Y. meandering phenomena. Finally, the study recommended root fundamental interventions that concern not only curing meander syndromes, but extends to evolution reasons.