الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
the purpose of the present study was to compare the difference between two types of indirect bonding trays (single sheet versus double sheets) regarding chairside time, aaccuracy of transferring orthodontic attachments in all 3 planes of space using 3D scanning and superimposition, bond failure rate of orthodontic attachments immediately after detachment of the transfer trays and patients` satisfaction during the bonding procedure.
A randomized controlled trial (split mouth design) compared between the single versus double transfer trays techniques was performed, 6 patients with fully erupted full set of permanent teeth including the permanent maxillary second molars, with mild to moderate crowding, with good oral hygiene and no signs of caries, large restorations, abnormalities of crown morphology or gingival inflammation were recruited in this study. 84 attachments were bonded to the maxillary teeth from central to second molar for both groups. After placement of the attachments on the working model using water soluble glue regarding the vertical and horizontal reference lines, the model was sprayed with titanium dioxide powder then scanned with intraoral scanner and preoperative STL file was saved. The single and double transfer trays were fabricated, one on each half of the working model then the trays were divided, trimmed and prepared for bonding procedure. The attachment were transferred to the patient`s dentition using the two techniques, then the patient`s dentition with attachments were scanned with the same intraoral scanner and post-transfer STL file was saved. A wire 12 NiTi was inserted in place and ligated with oties, then the failed attachments were reboded separately. The chairside time for each group was measured using stopwatch. By using the Geomagic qualify version 12, the two STL files were superimposed and the deviations were detected for 7 values, 4 linear measurements (total linear, mesio-distal, occluso-gingival and bucco-lingual) and 3 angular measurements (tip, torque and rotation). The attachments failure rates were recorded immediately. A visual analog scale was given to each subject to measure their satisfaction towards the both used indirect bonding techniques.