الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction Obesity has become a global health problem, which is accompanied with various disorders such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, stroke and arteriosclerosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 1 billion adults are overweight and at least 300 million are obese worldwide. Moringa oleifera is medicinally important tree. It is used in treatment many diseases in the world. Aim of the work The present study was designed to examine the possible protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by HFD in male rats. This study was achieved by using male Wistar albino rats, 6 weeks old, with average weight 160-170g. Animal grouping After one week of acclimatization period, animals were randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of six animals as follows: 1. Control group: Rats of this group did not receive any treatment (normal diet). 2. Moringa extract (ME) treated group: Rats of this group were orally administered ME (300mg/kg bw) daily for 6 wks. 3. High fat diet (HFD) treated group: Rats of this group fed on HFD daily for 6 wks. 4. High fat diet and moringa extract (HFD+ ME) treated group: Rats of this group fed on HFD concomitant with ME (300 mg/kg bw) for daily for 6 wks. 5. High fat diet and simvastatin (HFD+SIM) treated group: Rats of this group fed on HFD concomitant with SIM (40 mg/kg bw) daily for 6 wks. 6. High fat diet and moringa extract and simvastatin (HFD+ME+SIM) treated group: Rats of this group fed on HFD concomitant with ME (300 mg/kg bw) and SIM (40 mg/kg bw) daily for 6 wks. Results At the end of the experimental period (6 wks). Overnight fasted rats were scarified and blood samples collected into clean centrifuge tubes and allowed to clot, then centrifuge at 2000 r.p.m for 20 min for biochemical analysis. Blood sera were carefully separated and were kept at -20 c for subsequent analysis future estimations The rats were scarified 24hrs after the last treatment and liver of each rat was removed then cut into two pants: one of them was stored in neutral formalin (10%) for the histological studies, another pants was frozen for biochemical analysis. The obtained results can be summarized as follow: A- HFD administration changes: A significant increase in body weights. A significant increase in serum TC concentration. A significant increase in serum TG concentration. A significant decrease in serum HDL-C concentration. A significant increase in serum LDL-C concentration. A significant increase in serum TL concentration. A significant increase in glucose level. A significant increase in insulin content. A significant decrease in ghrelin content. A significant increase in leptin content. A significant increase in HOMI-IR content. A significant decrease in QUICKI. A significant increase atherogenic index. A significant increase in T3 content. A significant increase in T4 content. A significant increase in NO content. A significant increase in PC content. A significant increase in MDA content in liver and kidney. A significant decrease in TAC in liver and kidney. A significant decrease in GSH content in liver and kidney. A significant decrease in SOD activity in liver and kidney. A significant decrease in CAT activity in liver and kidney. A significant decrease in GSH-Px activity in liver and kidney . A significant decrease in GSH-Rd activity in liver and kidney. A significant increase in serum ALT activity. A significant increase in serum AST activity. A significant increase in serum ALP activity. A significant increase in serum GGT activity. 4- Histopathological observations: Liver of HFD-treated rats showed fatty changes associated with apoptosis. Moreover, Kidney of HFD-treated rats showed marked degenerative changes within the renal tubules lining epithelium. B- Moringa leaves extract administration with HFD The obtained data showed that administration of moringa leaves extract with HFD caused a marked improvement in the most of biochemical and histopathological investigations induced by HFD. Conclusion and recommendations The present results indicated that moringa leaves extract act as a good protective agent against hepatic and nephrotic disorders and oxidative stress induced by HFD. This may be attributed to its ability for scavenging free radicals that responsible for damage. Moreover, the data showed that moringa administration concomitant with Simvastatin was more useful than simvastatin alone. So it can be concluded that supplementation with moringa leaves extract may help in treatment of metabolic syndrome and improve liver and kidney functions.