الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
I- INTRODUCTION
ruits and vegetables provide essential nutritional elements of
the consumer body. Soft fruits are very much attractive for
human being, they offer a variety of delicious tastes and many of them
like guava, mango, peaches, citrus, papaya … etc. have great visual
appeal. Unfortunately, the fruit growing areas favor the activities of many
insect pests. Among the insect pests of fruit and vegetables crops, fruit
flies are of special importance (Jilani et al., 2006). Fruit flies (Diptera:
Tephritidae) rank among the world as the most serious pests of
horticultural crops. They cause direct losses in the yield and marketability.
There are nearly 4,000 described species of tephritid fruit fly, categorized
in almost 500 genera, of which about 70 species are considered
economically important (White and Elson-Harris, 1992). The genus
Bactrocera and Ceratitis have a world-wide reputation for its destructive
impact on agriculture (Lysandrou, 2009). The behavior and symptoms of
infestation of the peach fruit fly is very similar to that of the
Mediterranean fruit fly (Afia, 2007). However, the information of ecology
and biology of fruit flies in Egypt is urgently required in order to
understand how to manage these pests. In the Arab countries, fruit flies
have become severe regional problems, with many fruit flies of economic
importance. The most notable are the Meditrerranean fruit fly, Cetatitis.
capitata, olive fruit fly, B. oleae (Gmelin) and peach fruit fly, B. zonata
and cucurbit fly, B. cucurbitae which also have a wide distribution but of
lower economic importance (Lysandrou, 2009).
The peach fruit fly (PFF), Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera,
Tephritidae) is