الفهرس 
Chapter 1 : IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The existing challenges in the backhaul of the 4G communication networks and the Optical Transport Networks (OTN) affect the performance, the flexibility, and the cost of building the next generation of the communication network in Egypt. Some of these challenges are; integrations of 4G services with the other legacy networks, security of 4G services over the optical network, energy consumptions in the optical infrastructure networks and low scalability of the 4G services between the different layers of communication networks. At the same time, the solutions of these challenges will lead to the evolution of the 5G mobile networks, which are characterized by an increasing number of wireless devices, service complexity, and high demands to access more mobile services such as a huge data transmission with very high speeds. This thesis discusses the impact of the implementations of the advanced technologies such as software-defined network and machine learning in the core optical network on the flexible functionality of the access networks and shows how the centralized controller in the heterogeneous networks could improve the capacity and the resilience of the 4G services. There are many challenges of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network in the backhaul section and the core OTN such as the integration between the different heterogamous optical networks, synchronization of the networks, and security of the customer data over the core optical networks, and the available capacity of the backhaul LTE networks. One of these changes is the security of the customer’s data signals over the backbone optical network such as OTN. In this thesis the security model is proposed and implemented on the basis of protecting the vital client signals only over the optical layers by passing these signals through extra layer called security layer. This is done by adding a new card in the Network Elements (NE’s) to perform this job. Furthermore using the concept of the software-defined network (SDN) of the centralized controller with the help of the machine learning technology, where the automatic detection of any intrusions in the physical layers of the optical network can be performed. Another challenge in building the 4G network in Egypt is the high operational cost of the leased lines over the core optical network, which is used to connect the 4G sites between different regions all over the country. In this thesis, for the first time, an Intelligent Universal Platform (IUP) is proposed to manage and optimize the operational tasks in the optical network. Some study cases in two situations As-Is and To-Be are investigated; these cases are for energy consumptions, fault locations, services creations, and finally, monitoring the quality of services over the optical links.