الفهرس 
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Abstract
Abstract
Frequency control at emergency conditions is a prevailing field for
discussion as the traditional solution for solving frequency disturbances
becomes impractical solution with the new smartening process. The power
system frequency may be subjected to a severe DROP during a massive loss of
generation without a balanced compensation power for connected load
demands. The emergency frequency control system traditionally depends on
under-voltage and under-frequency load shedding techniques of power
system feeders in cascading steps. As a result, the power system will suffer
from series of internal and external disturbances leading to various degrees of
blackouts due to cascading failures effect. The traditional electric power grids
are developed to be smarter especially with control and protection issues
underpinned by advanced measurement and communication technologies.
This research presents a novel controlling actions to limit the probabilities of
disconnecting loaded feeders from the power grid due to mal-operation of
Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) relays. The suggested controlling
methods depend mainly on controlling Thermal Conditioning Loads (TCL)
located at High Voltage (RV) level power network instead of disconnecting
live loads. The first method is based on centralized controlling scheme with a
hierarchical decision making between multi-controlling agents. While the
second method depends on a decentralized controllers distributed among HV
,
network zones. The distributed controllers are used to classify the frequency
condition to be either normal or emergency based on Decision Tree (DT)
concept to minimize the false operation. The simulation of different faults
during many operating scenarios by using Matlab software reveals that using
the suggested methods yields proficient, proactive, and secured frequency
control actions than traditional UFLS.