الفهرس 
Epidemilogy and risk factors of
Staging of hepatocellular carcinomaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sumervisors ar ry y Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary tumor of the liver, which usually develops in the setting of chronic liver disease. Although liver resection is a widely used as a curative therapy for HCC, the majority of patients are not eligible because of tumor extent or underlying liver dysfunction. Careful pre-operative evaluation of the functional liver reserve is necessary to minimize the post-operative morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a main cause of death after liver resection. Although the evolution in surgical techniques and perioperative management has improved post-operative outcomes, PHLF is still a serious problem in patients undergoing liver resection. In practice, the three most commonly used definitions of PHLF are the “50-50 criteria”, the “peak bilirubin >7” rule and the International Study group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) definition. Hyperbilirubinemia is included in all currently used definitions of PHLF The Child-Turcotte-Pugh score (CTP), Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, indocyanine green clearance test and volumetric assessment of the remnant liver are used widely to assess liver function and predict post-operative outcomes in patients with HCC. Many indices were proposed to predict survival outcomes in HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy as Fibrosis score 4 (FIB-4), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), peripheral blood lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), albumin–bilirubin score (ALBI) and liver stiffness measurement by fibroscan. However, until now there is lack of any reliable variables to predict post-operative hepatic dysfunction after surgical resection.