الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive neuro motor disorder of central origin in children with multiple neurological deficits and variable intellectual disabilities. They also suffer from seizures, feeding problems, multiple nutritional deficiencies, and social isolation.
The importance of (CP) lies in its degree of severity & disability and the burden on children, their family and societies with sever activity limitation.
We conducted a case control study of children who attended the out patient clinic of pediatric department Menofia University hospital.
Our study on CP concerned with socio demographic, the most common subtype, etiologies, risk factors, associated impairment and their severity.
The study included 45 of CP children 21 male & 24 female with mean age7.09 years old and range 2-20y while 45 of control patients 19 male &26 female with mean age 10.22years old and range 2-19y . The demographic data of CP patients showed a female predominance among CP patients and controls.
No consanguinity was found in (66.6%) of the CP patients. There were significant association between CP and negative family history, level of mother and father education, mother work but not with large family size. Most of CP patients were from middle socioeconomic level 33.3% while most of controls were from high level 60%.
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The increase in the birth order significantly Inversely proportional to occurrence of CP.
History of previous abortion were found only in 24.4% of CP patients but in 17.7% of controls. There was significant association between mother‘s age at time of delivery and gestational age and CP occurrence.
There were no significant difference between CP patients and controls regarding mode of delivery, place of delivery and birth weight and occurrence of CP.
Regarding clinical classification spastic type 55.5% followed by ataxic type 24.4% then atonic 11.1% finally mixed type 8.8%. Regarding topographic classification quadriplegic type 48.8% then hemiplegic type 20% then paraplegic &diplegic 11.1% finally double hemiplegic 4.44% .Regarding severity 57.7% were moderate in severity, 22.2% mild and about 20% sever. Most of CP patients were spastic quadriplegic 22% then spastic hemiplegic 15.5% followed by spastic double hemiplegic 4.4%.
About 51.1% of CP patients need medical treatment and 22.2% need physiotherapy while only 4.44% go to school.
The most common associated feature in clinical examination was abnormal power found in 100% of patients then gait abnormality in 91% followed by 77.7% with low mentality then abnormal speech was found in 73.3%. Cranial nerve affection was found in 55.5% of CP patients. No sensory affection in all patients. Affection of tone &reflex found in 82.3% of all CP patients.
EEG and CT finding were abnormally found in 68.8% and 71% of CP patients respectively.
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The most common associated impairment were urine & stool incontinence 82.2% & 77.7% respectively and chest infections 80% followed by feeding difficulty 71% then epilepsy 68.8% and visual impairment.
About 80% of CP patients had known risk factors mainly antenatal factors then perinatal finally postnatal factors represent 48.8%, 17.7%, 13.3 respectively. Most of antenatal factors were due to Intrauterine infection, PROM, Prematurity represent 6.6% each. Perinatal factors mainly due to Kernicterus, Obstructed labor represent 4.3% each. postnatal factors were due to CNS infection, IC hemorrhage 4.3% each. while only 26.6% of controls had mainly antenatal 22.2% .