الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most important Solanaceous vegetable crops. The tomato plants are currently infested with many serious pests, recently the most distructive ones, Tuta absoluta. It is one of the most important pests of tomato in Egypt which is posing a serious threat to tomato production. Infestation by T. absoluta has resulted in 50-100% losses in tomato. In conclusion, B. thuringiensis produced cellular inclusions during sporulation, which are specifically toxic to certain insects as T. absoluta. Transconjugants of B. thuringiensis were effectively control T. absoluta that will successfully manage this pest. Bt bioinsecticides decreased larval weight as a consequence of feeding deterrence and chronic toxicity. The results support the applicability of Bt recombinants in biocontrolling programs. The shortening of extrachromosomal genetic material leading to lost antibiotic resistance genes in some Bt strains and their transconjugants , as well as, lost chitin hydrolysis as a consequence. In contrast, some Bt transconjugants were not affected by elevated temperature because they are still harboring antibiotic resistance genes and encoded chitinase.