الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Respiratory distress is one of the most common causes of admission to the NICU in preterms. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterms.
Mechanical ventilator continues to be an essential tool in management of RD in preterm babies because 89% of preterm babies needed mechanical ventilation during the first day after birth, and nearly 83% of infants assigned to noninvasive support required intubation at some point during their hospitalization.
Pressure-limited ventilation, delivering a fixed PIP, has traditionally been used to manage RD. During PLV the VT fluctuates widely due to the baby’s breathing, changes in lung mechanics and variable ETT leak. As high VT (volutrauma) and not pressure causes VILI, controlling VT rather than PIP is a logical strategy for ventilating preterm babies.
Modern microprocessor-controlled ventilators allow VTV even in very preterm infants. VTV modes vary in how they measure and control VT delivery. Measurements are only accurate with the flow sensor placed at the airway opening. The flow-sensors measure inspired and expired VT, and ETT leak is calculated. The advantage of targeting inspired VT is that the ventilator controls the VT as it is delivered.