الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common vascular disorder of the retina and one of the most common causes of vision loss worldwide. Specifically, it is the second most common cause of blindness from retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. There are central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Retinal venous occlusion is classified into non ischemic type which represents 75% of cases at which the cause of diminution of vision is due to macular edema and ischemic type which represents the rest of the ratio at which cause of diminution of vision is due to macular ischemia. Fluorescein angiography (FA) provides information mainly about retinal vascular system, also permits localization and qualitative evaluation of abnormal vascular permeability. Ranibizumab (trade name Lucentis) is a monoclonal antibody fragment (Fab). It is an anti-angiogenic (antiVEGF). Intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) is an effective short-term treatment for (retinal neovascularization) and persistent macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. Intravitreal ranibizumab may cause changes in the corneal endothelium. Specular microscopy is a non-invasive photographic technique that allows you to visualize and analyze the corneal endothelium and is used to determine the number of cells per square millimeter of corneal endothelium that facilitates rapid and accurate diagnosis of corneal endotheliopathies which affect the structure and function of the corneal endothelium and it is used to detect endothelial damage or disease that was not seen by slit lamp examination.