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الفصل الأول: مدخل إلى الدراسةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Stuttering is a disturbance of speech that appears at the beginning of a child’s entry to school and is more prevalent among children in the first grades of primary school, as it is one of the things that impedes communication with others and leads to the stuttering child to inability to express himself easily and easily. It is also difficult for them to interact with the environment surrounding them positively, and are characterized by the ability to give and take, which means stuttering is not only a handicap to speech, but also a handicap of the social life of the individual as they tead to avoid many social situations in addition to having anxiety, frustration and lack self-confidence.
Problem of the study :-
The study problem can be identified in the following main question: -
The effectiveness of the proposed program in improving communication skills of a sample of stuttering children from the primary stage?
The following sub-questions are branched from it: -
A- Is there any statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental group and the control group in the dimensional measurement of communication skills?
B- Is there any statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements of communication skills?
C- To there any statistically significant differences between the mean scores for the members of the experimental group in the dimensional and consecutive measurements?
Objectives of the study:-
The current study mainly aimed an improving communication skills of stutterers from the primary stage, and from this goal branching secondary goals are as follows:
1- Knowing the effectiveness of the training program based on storytelling at improving the communication skills of stuttering children?
2- Knowing the extent of the continuation of communication with the stuttering children after implementing the program in the future.
Importance of the study :
The importance of the current study is illustrated by the following points:
First in theory:
* The need for children who suffer from speech, speech disorders in general, stuttering in particular to development and training programs that provide them with the development of some skills, and help them to acquire various life and social skills.
* Providing some data and information about stuttering children, and what problems may suffer from (anxiety - frustration - lack of self-confidence) that can be a barrier between them and adaptation to society, data that helps workers and specialists in speech disorders to deal successfully with this group.
* Keeping pace with the modern trend in positive psychology, as the current study deals with a variable (communication skills), which is one of the most important social skills needed for any individual.
* Enriching the research heritage in the field of people with special needs, mental health and psychological counseling with a study after communication for stuttering children.
Second in practice:
• Providing a program to improve communication skills for stuttering children, for those interested and responsible for those with speech, speech and speech disorders from parents and teachers.
The study sample:
The sample of the study consisted of (20) stuttering children from the primary stage at Bayad Al-Arab Elementary Institute in Beni Suef Governorate.
Methodology of the study:
The researcher used the semi-experimental approach to its suitability of the nature of the study sample.
The limits of the study:
Spatial limits: All sessions of the training program were implemented in the Activity Hall of Bayad Al Arab Elementary Institute in Beni Suef Governorate.
Time limits: The researcher applied the training program during the period from 22/9/2019 to (22/12/2019), which includes two weekly sessions (except for the period of October 6 and the Prophet’s Birthday), where the researcher started the program with an introductory session (dating session), then the structural phase of the program through sessions of the program, which includes after communicating with others (6), after verbal expression (5), and after imitation and simulation (5), after gestures of the face and body (6), then the program ended with a closing session, then a follow-up period of one month was completed.
• Boder Human: The training program sessions were applied to a sample of (20) stuttering children, whose ages range from (6-9) years, with an average age .
Tools of the study:
The researcher used the following tools:
1- The Stananfor IQ Test, Fifth Image (Arabization and Legalization: Mahmoud Abu El-Nile,2011).
2- Stuttering severity test (prepared / Nahla Al-Rifai,2003).
3- Communication Skills Scale (Prepared by the researcher).
4- Training program (Preparation / Researcher).
The study hypotheses:
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control group scores, in the dimensional measurement of communication skills in favor of the experimental.
Statistical methods:
Appropriate laboratory methods were used to test the validity of the study hypothesis, which were:
”Wilcoxon” test to indicate the differences of the associated rank, and all statistical treatments were done using the statistical program (spss).
Results of the study:
The results of the study resulted in: -
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean levels of the experimental and control group degrees in the dimensional measurement of communication skills in favor of the experimental group.
2- There is statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group scores in the pre and post measurements of the communication skills in favor of the dimensional measurement.There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group scores in the two dimensional and successive measurements of communication skills.