الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this study, 10 broiler flocks in Ismailia, Sharkeia, Gharbia, Dakahleia and Matrooh were examined. A total of 282 chickens were exposed for clinical and post mortem examination. A total of 138 nasal swabs and 144 tissue pools were collected from affected chickens and submitted to qRT-PCR assay. Results showed the predominance of avian influenza infection over NDV and IBV. A single step multiplex RT-PCR method was developed for detection and differentiation of AI, ND and IB diseases. Mutiplex RT-PCR was optimized and validated in positive reference AIV, NDV and IBV, in addition to clinical chicken samples, results showed that, single virus infection is prominent than double and triple virus infection. For subtyping/genotyping the currently circulating chicken viruses in Egypt, partial gene sequences of NDV, IBV, and AIV was done, results showed that IBV strains detected in the current study clustered with variant II strains, two sequences out of four AIV sequences were clustered with H9 subtype while the other 2 AIV strains were clustered with H5 subtypes and the NDV isolates were belong to class II, genotype VII similar to Chinese viruses.