الفهرس 
Chapter One: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The study area lies in the western bank of the River Nile in Minia and Assiut governorates, between lats. 28° 6´35.5680’’N and longs. 30° 40’ and 31°30’ E. It has an area of about 357 km2, with a population reaches more than 8 million people.
The present work is mainly focused on the evaluation of water resources and its validity for different purposes and detected the sources of contamination levels of surface and groundwater of the study area.
To maintain the water quality and control the sources of pollution in the study area following must are taken into consideration:-
1 -Not leaking sewage, agricultural and industrial to waterways and must be dealt with in accordance with the criteria set out by law Environmental Affairs for the Protection of the Nile River and its branches and aquifer pollution.
2 - When digging wells for drinking purposes, it must take into account that operates those wells to draw water from the depths of enough of not less than 70 to 100 meters and distant from the sources of pollution (especially ground septic tanks).
3 - Periodic follow-up and control of the quality of drinking water at the source and analyze samples of chemical and bacteriological standpoint to ensure suitability for drinking and domestic purposes and agriculture.
4 - Good selection of appropriate types of fertilizers and pesticides on plants that is identical to the environmental specifications.
5 - Must use modern irrigation methods (sprinkler or drip irrigation) to solve the problem of the deterioration of water in the study area.
6 - Development of the drainage system by strengthening networks lining drainage of agricultural land.
7 - Not to approve projects that have an environmental impact only after confirmation of studies and environmental assessments for these projects
8 - Carrying out the sewage projects in the unnerved area.
9 - Prohibiting the disposal of any wastewater especially from the sugar factories and sewage treatment plant to the drain until correct there environmental position according to law 4 for the year 1994 and modified law 9 for 2009 for environmental protection and law 84 for the year 1982 (for protection River Nile and its branched) and compulsion this sector to treat their wastewater inside it.
10 - Study the possibility to mixing the groundwater and surface water for irrigation purpose by drilling wells near the area of the home and pumping into branched canals, its helped to reduce the high level of the water table at a suitable level which helps to keep the constriction build, prevent the pollution from arriving the shallow groundwater, reparation the deficiency in the amount of surface water.
11 - Using the drip and sprinkler irrigation system in forest tree project, which using the treated sewage water for irrigation.
12 - Monitoring the water quality in all the water resources by periodically chemical and bacteriological analysis to ensure that the water is suitable for drinking, domestic purposes and agriculture use.
13 - Preparing complete environmental impact assessment study (EIA) before beginning in carrying out any project according to Law 4/1994 and 9/2009, especially the forest tree in western dissert (western samalout and another area).
14 - Monitoring the uses of fertilizers and pesticides according to the specific crop needs and encouragement the depend on organic fertilizer.