الفهرس 
Cirrhosis
3. Culture-negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA).Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 200 |  |  |
| | | from | 200 | | |
Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a bacterial infection of ascitic fluid in absence of any intra-abdominal surgically treatable source of infection. SBP is one of life-threatening complication in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites with hospital mortality for first episode is 10%-50%. Hence, early diagnosis and proper treatment are the important issues to decrease morbidity and mortality in those cases.
The prevalence of SBP in asymptomatic outpatients is low 3.5% or lower than this value , but the prevalence may increase in the nosocomial setting, ranging from 8% upto 36%.
Many studies suggested that SBP in cirrhotic patients with ascites mainly due to small intestinal bacterial translocation, which has been transferred to the extra-intestinal region, including the ascitic fluid.
The most commonly isolated microorganisms responsible for SBP are Escherichia coli (43%), Klebsiell apneumoniae (11%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (9%), other streptococcal species (19%), Enterobacteriaceae (4%), Staphylococcus (3%), and miscellaneous organisms(10%) depending on the region of the world.
The hypomotility condition causes longer intestinal transit time. This favors a chance for developing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO); In addition to; structural and functional damage of intestinal mucosal barrier against infection and suppressed immune