الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The internet is one type of new tools that provides widespread services as: massive amounts of information, easier and oversimplified tasks within seconds, powerful source for shopping, minimizes distances and provides communication services efficiently and without any cost, endless navigating games, new areas of jobs in all countries and expands the availabilities of working and education tools including the greatest source of reference for educators and students (Ibrahim & et al., 2016).
According to the internet usage statistics, internet users are increasing in Egypt. There were About 54.6 % of the population in 2015, compared to 35.6% in 2012.3,4 More than 80% of the Egyptian internet café clients are young people (Saied & etal 2016). Very few studies were carried out in Egypt to address PIU problem. One of them was a study done on adolescents that found a prevalence of 2.6% and 18.2% of PIU and potential PIU respectively. Another one showed a prevalence of 0.8 % (Desouky, Ibrahem, 2015).
Internet addiction (IA) is a major health problem in the world (Jung Koo, & Hye Kwon, 2014). IA is a relatively recent and fast growing clinical phenomenon. Due to its fast growth the attitude of many countries towards Internet addiction is as a potential threat to public health (Mihajlov et al., 2017). Internet addiction refers to the excessive use of the internet or using the internet as irrational. Young believes that the term “addiction” was used for internet users because it has the same symptoms of the alcohol and cigarettes addiction. Using internet more than 19 h per week is a sign of internet addiction;
however, Young indicated that using internet about 38 h per week is a sign of addiction (Maheri et al., 2017).
As theory-based interventions are more effective than non-theory-based ones, it is warranted to apply such theories to understand IA. The Health Belief Model (HBM), a commonly used theory, has been applied to explain various health-related behaviors and to design related interventions among adolescents. It consists of six constructs: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cue to action and self-efficacy (zhang et al., 2016).
Aim of the study:
This study aimed to measure the effect of application the health belief model on reducing internet addiction among Menoufia University Students.
Research design:
Quasi-experimental design will be utilized in this study.
Setting:
Four faculties at Menoufia University (nursing- medicine- science and art)
Instruments:
Three instruments were used for data collection.
First instrument:
Structured interviewing questionnaire, it was developed by the researcher, which was based on literature review, researcher experience and expert opinions to assess socio demographic characteristics
(Appendix III). it included age, sex, grades, parents’ education, parents’ age, place of birth, field and level of education, and pattern of internet use as average hours of Internet use, minutes of Internet use in every time, the main cause of using Internet…..
Second instrument:
Internet Addiction test (IAT) (Appendix IV), used to identify probable cases of IA. It consists of 20 items that measures mild, moderate and severe level of Internet Addiction. The test consists of 20 items on 5-point Likert scale and is scored from 1 to 5.
Third instrument:
Health belief model questionnaire related to Internet addiction (Appendix VI). It will be adopted at the current study. It includes constructed six scales for the six constructs of the HBM on issues related to Internet use and IA, (1) Perceived Susceptibility to IA. (2) Perceived Severity of IA. (3) The Perceived Benefits. (4) The Perceived Barriers. (5) The Cue to Action. (6) Lastly, the Perceived Self-efficacy (Williams, Strecher and Becker, 2016).
Results: The findings of this study could be summarized as following:
The percentage of internet addiction was 65.79% (n=252) out of them 62.8 % from scientific faculty and, 69.1% from literary faculties.
Social media sites were the most reported purpose among addict subjects (46.4%) followed by entertainment (38.1%), religious (9.5%), others (4.8%), scientific (0.8%) & shopping (0.4%) respectively.
The mean of hours that staying on net daily was 4.69 ± 2.63 and the most preferred device is mobile (64.3%).
The internet addiction effect negatively on study level of the student, social relationship, physical health and psychological status.
There was detectable improving as generally in all faculties and there was a significant difference at the degree of addiction after intervention based on HBM (p<0.001).
The mean and stander deviation of total score of internet addiction scale test in post intervention 44.86 ± 11.04 was lower than pre intervention 74.43 ± 12.71.
Highly significant difference with educational intervention based on health belief model (p<0.001). and the mean and stander deviation of total score health belief model with all its aspects; perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, cues to action and self-efficacy were higher in post intervention compared by pre intervention.
Recommendations
The following recommendations were suggested:
Use an alarm clock or timer and make sure that getting off the computer when the time is up.
Put the computer in an open space for everyone and easy to access
Get an interest that doesn’t involve the internet (video games, computer… etc.) and get involved with teams, clubs, sports, music, singing, libraries and entertainment etc.
Put obligations first (research and study),
Eating at a separate place will help to not go online