الفهرس 
Chapter 1: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The integration of Photovoltaics systems into buildings has become more significant in the context of decreasing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Solar energy is converted into electricity providing an environmental-friendly alternative to reduce the environmental impact of buildings. In Egypt, existing building sector is responsible for the use of large amount of energy for lighting, heating and cooling. As the amount of existing buildings is much higher than number of buildings being built, while many of these existing buildings need improvements. This provides an opportunity to use photovoltaic integration technologies to reduce primary energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency. Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) has converted the building façade into a renewable energy-based generator. Both electrical power and useful thermal energy can be obtained from BIPV façade along with other objectives such as aesthetics and environmental control. In order to estimate this potential under real world and codes, this thesis based on two office space retrofit (3.5m by 8m) in New Damietta city in the Northern Coast region of Egypt, using DesignbBuilder software which is automatically connected with EnergyPlus simulator. The aim is measuring the effect of replacement of standard clear glass window with new window integrating semi-transparent amorphous PV modules. The knowledge acquired from the review of relevant studies and real case applications play a significant role in designing the case study. All the features directly influenced by the proposed modification are investigated in details, including the overall energy consumption for heating, cooling, and artificial lighting, compared with the results in case of using the conventional glazing of single clear glass. Results demonstrates that an area about 3.5 m2 of a-si PV in South orientation caused an overall electricity consumption DROP from 1574.25 to 1191.73 KWh/year and returned in energy generation about 11% of the overall electricity demand. The EPBT was estimated at 6 year with an annual 284 kgCO2/kWh reduction. These results are promising, that will encourage the responsible authorities and operators of existing buildings in Egypt to implement sustainable practices and decrease the environmental impacts of buildings over their functional life cycles.