الفهرس 
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Abstract
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a marker of endothelial dysfunction has been found to be a simple, non invasive method for reflection endothelial function. The aim of the present study was to assess the endothelial functions in patient with CAE by brachial flow mediated dilation. This study is a prospective comparative study that comprised 92 patients for whom coronary angiography (CA) were performed at Cardiac Department, Mansoura Specialized Medical University Hospital in the period from January, 2014 to December, 2016. They were 54 males and 38 females, and there ages ranged from 25 to 70 years (51.42 ± 9.27). Results: The study comprised 92 patients, 54 male (58.7%) and 38 female (41.3%) their mean ages ranged from 25 to 70 years (51.42 ± 9.27). Thirty-nine of them were lived in Urban cities (42.4%) and 53 lived in Rural villages (57.6%). Main Coronary Angiogram Diagnosis was Normal Coronary (NCA) in 49 patients (3.3%) and Coronary Artery Ectasia (CAE) in 43 patients (46.7%). The morphologic appearance of CAE (ICAE types) were: Primary/CAE in 8 patients (8.7%), CAE/wall Atherosclerotic in 19 patients (20.7%) and CAE/lumen stenosis in 16 patients (17.3%). Type I Ecstasia was present in 20 patients (46.5%), Type II Ecstasa in 7 patients (16.3%), Type III Ecstasa in 9 patients (20.9%) and Type IV Ecstasa in 7 patients (16.3%). CAE affect LMA in 7 patients (16.3%), LAD in 36 patients (83.7%), LCX in 22 patients (51.1%) and RCA in 25 patients (58.1%). CAE affect one vessel in 17 patients (39.5%), 2 vessels in 13 patients (30.2%), 3 vessels in 9 patients (20.9%) and 4 vessels in 4 patients (9.3%). Conclusion: CAE had 3 distinct angiographic pattern according to the presence or absence of associated wall atherosclerosis and lumen narrowing, of other coronary segments: Primary/CAE (without evidence atherosclerosis in other coronary segments), CAE/wall Atherosclerotic wall (with associated only wall roughness or irregularities without any luminal narrowing in other coronary segments) and CAE/lumen stenosis (with associated luminal narrowing (stenosis of 50%) in other coronary segments. Prevalence of Risk Factor among CAE showed marked variation in reported literature (including our study), that attributed to variability in study design and included cases.