الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background
Severe tuberculosis requiring intensive care unit care is rare but commonly known
to be of bad prognosis. The acute respiratory failure due to pulmonary infections is a
common cause for ICU admission. However, despite their high mortality rate, the
TB-related critical conditions are rarely reported. Most studies on critical care TB
cases were not conducted in high TB burden areas and were retrospective in
nature.
Objective
To identify potential prognostic factors and determinants of patient outcome in
cases with pulmonary TB admitted to ICU.
Subjects and methods
This was a prospective observational study conducted on 51 patients with active
pulmonary TB who required ICU admission for at least 24 h in ICU unit of Abbassia
Chest Hospital during the period from January 1, 2018 till December 31, 2018. All
patients were subjected to history and clinical examination, radiological and
laboratory workup, and APACHI II score. Patients were diagnosed and
managed according to National TB Control Guidelines in Egypt. Hospital
course, complications and ICU stay period were monitored and were correlated
to the outcome.
Results
Mean age of all studied patients was 42.9±16.4 years, 35 male (68.6%) and 16
females. There was Statistically significant correlation between patient outcome,
and APACHE II score, arterial blood gases, duration of mechanical ventilation and
the total ICU stay in days respectively. ICU complications occurred in 72.5% of
patients and they were significantly correlated with patient outcome.
Conclusion
Pulmonary TB requiring ICU is rare but markedly of bad prognosis. Patients
commonly admitted to ICU due to respiratory failure, sepsis, multi organ failure,
ARDS and massive hemoptysis. Bad prognosis was related to respiratory failure,
high APACHE II score, need for mechanical ventilation and its duration, ICU stay
and related complications. Mechanical ventilation and APACHE II score were found
to be predictors of mortality.