الفهرس 
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Abstract
Franciscan order has an Italian origin and the architecture of churches are different from other churches in Egypt.
Simplicity is the most characteristic feature of Franciscans churches in art and architecture.
TAU is the symbol of the Franciscan refers to the solidarity of St. Francis with the wounds of Jesus christ. TAU is appeared nearly in all the churches of this study for example:
In the church of St. Anthony of Padua in El Daher on the main door. It is appeared in the church of the Virgin Lady of the Assumption in El Musky in many places like on the door of the southern Façade, on the Piano, and on one corner of the main dome on the nave.
In the church of the Lady Carmal on the wooden ceiling, and under the marble table of the main Sanctuary.
In the church of St. Joseph, on the main door exactly on the mosaic of the Holy Family, on the ceiling , on the capitals of some columns, and on the center of the balcony of the side altar of Jesus Heart.
Statues are the most appeared thing in Franciscan churches; statues of Saints, and the Holy Family for instance: statues of St. Francis is in the church of Lady Carmal, St. Anthony of Padua in his church in El Daher, in the Lady Carmal, St. Rita like in the church of St. Joseph. St. Joseph like the wooden statue as an old man in the Virgin Lady of Assumption, Lady Carmal, he appeared with the Holy Virgin Mary and Jesus christ in the church of the holy Family.
Holy Virgin Mary appeared in several shapes;
Lady of Lord in the church of the Virgin Lady of Lord, church of the Holy Family, in the church of St. Anthony of Padua.
Lady of Rosary; like in the church of the Holy Family, St. Anthony of Padua.
Gothic Art feature are almost applied in the church of St. Anthony of Padua on the sanctuaries of Saints. And the Façade. St. Anthony resembles Saint-Denis Church which is the first most important example of Gothic architecture. The cathedral is located near Paris, and the part dedicated to the choir was rebuilt using arches and large stained-glass windows between 1140 and 1144.
This church is similar to the famous Cathedral and Lady Carmal in the altar of St. Rita.
Confessional chairs appeared in the church of St. Joseph, Lady Carmal, Lady of Assumption, St. Anthony of Padua.
Twelve Columns in the nave as a symbol of the twelve Apostles like in the church of Lady Lord, Lady Carmal.
Pentecostal Cross or refers to the Holy Lands(Terrasancta) that Franciscan of Egypt are originally belonged to Franciscan of the Holy Lands. That pentagon cross appeared in St. Joseph church, Lady of Assumption, Lady Carmal, St. Anthony of Padua, Lady lord.
House of the Eucharist that small box is a main feature in the Franciscan churches which is a small box made out of wood or marble with a small door on the altars to have the remains of the Saint of the altar. It is found on all the altars of churches of our study.
Portraits is a main Feature used to represent the characters or scenes. The portraits made out of wood , with gilded frame, and used oil colors. That is an European style. Portraits are appeared in all the churches of Franciscans in Cairo.
The Story of St. Joseph Son of Jacob is appeared in ten portraits on the top of the nave in the church of St. Joseph.
Stained glass is used many times to represent stories of Saints, also to have illumination in the church of St. Joseph, Lady of Assumption, St. Anthony.
Many Altars are placed in each church even the number is reached to twelve altars like in the church of St. Joseph.
Lady Assumption Church is attached to the Eastern Studies center that it is considered to be a treasure for all the scholars. It has many sources, Manuscripts, and books in all fields especially the Archeological, Historical, and Religion sources are not found in any other place.
The church of the Lady of Assumption is the oldest church of our study. It dates back to 1632AD.
Lily Flower is widely presented in Franciscan churches refers to the purity, and Holiness.
All churches of Franciscan have no Iconostasis or Icons.
Noncompliance of the Eastern side like the church of the Lady of Assumption has southern-eastern axis, the Holy Family, and the Lady Lord, while St. Joseph church has northern- southern axis.
Architectural elements like pointed arches, twin widows, rose windows, and cylindrical columns all are of the main features of the Franciscan.
All altars in every church these altars are similar in shape.
The researcher has made an Architectural Documentation for the Franciscan churches in Cairo aiming to put these churches in Egyptian tourist monument map, and thesis will be a historical and archeological source for the scholars coming after us.
Ceilings: Church of St. Anthony of Padua, St. Joseph church, church of Lady Carmal, and The Holy Family church each has a saddle roof. While church of Lady of Assumption, and the Virgin Lady of Lord have flat roof.
Although these kind of churches has an European style, they have Ancient Egyptian features like the Sanctuary is the last and most holy place in the church like the Holy of the holies in the Egyptian temple.
Church of the Holy Virgin Lady of Carmal has the shape of cross. It was said that it is a Byzantine style, but that opinion is not true because the Byzantine church is square in shape. This church is not square.
Islamic influence; like Semicircular arch, pointed arch, the aisles, Stalactites, apse, and cylindrical columns in all the churches of the study.
Choir is behind the Sanctuary. Like in the churches of Lady of Assumption, Lady of Lord, and St. Joseph, It is up normal because it is supposed that the Sanctuary is the last place in the church.