الفهرس 
صفحة العنوانOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is used in the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases. It has deleterious effects on living organisms, though. The deleterious effects of IR on tissues come from its direct and/or indirect effect through the production of free radicals that lead to oxidative stress in which oxidants exceed antioxidants. Liver and testis are susceptible to the deleterious effects of IR. Liver is the most active metabolic organ and it reflects any systemic derangement upon IR. Testis is known as highly radiosensitive organ. Plants rich in antioxidants are known for use in amelioration of the damaged caused by oxidative stress. F. margarita fruit contains a lot of bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, phenolic acids, ... etc., so it has high radical scavenging capacities and strong antioxidant activity. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of F. margarita fruit extract as antioxidant in preventing the hepatotoxicity, sperm abnormalities and related oxidative stress reflected on disturbed lipid profile and antioxidant measurements, caused by exposure to a single dose of 6Gy gamma radiation in male albino rats. Also, to compare between the pre-irradiation and pre&post-irradiation oral administration of F. margarita fruit extract on biochemical and histopathological changes resulting from toxicity of gamma radiation.
The study includes the following:
1- Determination of the nutritive value of F. margarita fruit.
2- Phytochemical screening of F. margarita fruit.
3- Biological study of F. margarita fruit extract.
1- Nutritional value of F. margarita fruit
The nutritive value of F. margarita fruit was assessed.The results showed that the fruit is a rich source of vitamins C, E and B1, β-carotene and iron. It is also a good source of K, Na, Ca, Mg and Cu.
2- Preliminary phytochemical screening of F. margarita fruit
F. margarita fruit was screened for the presence of the following constituents: alkaloides, anthraquinones, carbohydrates and/or glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarins as well as sterols and triterrpenoids. The results showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids, sterols and triterrpenoids.
3- Biological study of F. margarita fruit extract
This study was carried out on 36 male albino rats (140-170g). After the adaptation period, rats were randomly divided into six groups, six rats each as follows:
1- group (1): control group, rats were neither irradiated nor treated.
2- group (2): 14 days F. margarita extract treated group, rats orally administered F. margarita extract (150 mg/kg b. wt/ day) for the first 14 days of the experiment.
3- group (3): 28 days F. margarita extract treated group, rats orally administered F. margarita extract (150 mg /kg b. wt/day) for 28 consecutive days.
4- group (4): γ-irradiated group, rats were exposed to a single dose (6Gy) of whole body γ-radiation with a dose rate of 0.4Gy/min. on the 14th day of the experiment.
5- group (5): γ-irradiated group pre-treated with F. margarita extract (14 days F. margarita extract + IRR), rats orally administered F. margarita extract (150 mg /kg b. wt/day) for 14 days before irradiation.
6- group (6): γ-irradiated group pre&post-treated with F. margarita extract (28 days F. margarita extract + IRR), rats orally administered F. margarita extract (150 mg /kg b. wt/day) for 14 days before irradiation and continued for 14 days after irradiation.