الفهرس 
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Abstract
Dissertation Abstract : Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the regenerative capacity of a newly-developed composite scaffold composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers (NFs) coated with alginate (Alg) layer incorporating nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) either alone or in combination with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a treatment modality for furcation defects of class II on dogs’ model. Materials and methods: After ADSCs isolation and scaffold characterization, mandibular premolars of adult male mongrel dogs were selected and randomly assigned into three equal groups. In group I, class II bifurcation defects were surgically induced for the inter-radicular bone. While, bifurcation defects of group II were induced as in group I and in addition, the defects were filled with the prefabricated composite scaffold. Moreover, bifurcation defects of group III were induced as in group II and instead the defects were filled with the prefabricated composite scaffold seeded with ADSCs. Dogs were sacrificed at 30 days or at 60 days. Periodontal regeneration was evaluated by radiological examination using cone beam computed tomography and histologically using ordinary, histochemical and immunohistochemical staining. Results: At the two examination periods, CBCT images of group III showed a more bone regeneration in the defect area, compared to group II. Moreover, it was significantly better in group II compared to group I. Histomorphometrically, the mean values for new bone and cementum formation ratio were higher in group III compared to groups II and I, at the two examination periods. Histochemically, mature collagen type I was the predominant structural protein in group II and III for the newly formed bone and periodontal ligament fibers. Immunohistochemically, there was an increase in the immunoreactivity with significant correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and osteopontin cytokines in group III compared to groups II and I, at the two examination periods. Conclusion: PCL NFs coated with Alg and incorporating nHA with and without ADSCs have enhanced the periodontal regeneration of class II furcation defects. However, the scaffold with its seeded cells have depicted better performance than the scaffold alone.