الفهرس 
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Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a critical process established at the prepubertal phase, in which germ cell differentiation started in male testis. Recent studies reported that patients treated with the chemotherapy Cispatin (Cis) during childhood showed suppression of spermatogenesis. L-Carnitine (LC) has a major role in producing cellular energy. It is found to have a high concentration in the male genital system. On the other hand, Zinc (Zn) has an important role in reproductive system as it is found in high concentration in testes, Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZno) considered the most utilized materials for biomedical applications with low toxicity and the ability to pass barriers to efficient targeting of cells in a lot of diseases. The current study was designed to focus on the role of LC and nZnO and their combination against Cis induced sperm and testicles impairment. In this study, One hundred twenty-six Sprague Dawley male prepubertal rats age thirty days old and weighted (60-70g) were used. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups; each contains 18 rats and treated for eight weeks as following:- Control group (C): rats were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 0.9% saline solution. L-carnitine group (LC): Animals were injected with 250 mg/kg LC/wk for the eight weeks. Nano zinc oxide group (nZno): Animals were injected with 5 mg/kg/wk for the eight weeks tube. Cisplatin group (Cis): animals were i.p. injected with a single dose of 5 mg/kg of cisplatin dissolved in 0.9% saline. LC + Cis group: Animals were pre-injected with L-carnitine i.p. 2 before cisplatin injection by two hours and continued for eight weeks. nZno + Cis group: animals were injected with nZno followed by cisplatin injection, 2 hr later and continued for the eight weeks. LC + nZno + Cis group: Animals were pre-injected with nZno and LC followed by Cisplatin, 2 hr later and continued for eight weeks. Animals were sacrificed at 7, 30, and 60 days after Cis injection. L-carnitine and nznozinc oxide could improve the body and testis weight and the hormonal levels of FSH, LH and T, catalase activity and decrease the MDA levels. Moreover, they could enhance the semen quality and sperm DNA integrity. LC and nZnO could modulate the gene and protein expression of BCL2, vimentin, occludin and protamine. Furthermore, they could improve the testis architecture, spermatic cells and sperm in histopathological and ultrastructural examination.