الفهرس 
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Abstract
Overhead transmission lines (OHTLs) have an important effect on the power flow in the electrical grid and thus affect the use of renewable energy sources (RES) within the grid. Static line rating (SLR) is generally considered a conservative value that can lead to congestion of the electrical transmission grid and may necessitate a reduction in RES. Also, SLR may limit the use of some actually available capacities of the OHTL, as this affects the renewable energy generation scheduling which the fuel cost is very small. This led to underutilization of the network and higher locational marginal prices (LMPs).On the other hand, dynamic line rating (DLR) isone of the active solutions to enhance the ampacity for OHTL, especially with the high penetration of wind power without investing in an additional transmission grid. In this thesis, .DLR is calculated in real-time based on short-term forecasts of surrounding weather conditions, it calculation by two standard models (i.e. IEEE and CIGRE). A multi-period OPF based on particle swarm optimization (OPF / PSO) is a proposed model that takes into consideration the steady-state heat-balance equation (SS-HBE) of the OHTL and the ramp-up time of generation units .To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, a case study is applied to the modified IEEE 30-bus test system that includes wind turbines. The results expound on the effectiveness of the proposed approach.