الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aluminum sacrificial anodes are currently the first choice for cathodic protection in numerous applications. the galvanic performance of aluminum based sacrificial anodes is considerably enhanced by addition of certain alloying elements called activators. recent researches proved that incorporation of specific metal-oxides like MnO2, CeO2, RuO2 and IrO2 into the aluminum matrix could enhance the galvanic efficiency of aluminum anodes ; however, the mechanism by which metal-oxides improve galvanic properties of aluminum is still subject to discussion. the present work investigates the effect of incorporating commercially available low cost manganese dioxide concentrate into Al-%Zn-0.1Sm sacrificial anodes in different volume fraction. it also studies the influence of heat treatment on anodes’s galvanic performance by performing solution treatment at 3 different temperatures 250c, 400c, 550c. the main currency demanding imports. the electrochemical testing results proved an increase inefficiency of anodes mixed with metal oxides and solution treated at 550c. the scanning electron microscope(SEM) imaging and energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)elemental mapping declared that the presence of SiO2 particles in the anode matrix which could have caused effective and uniform corrosion of al andose and decreased non-coulombic losses.