الفهرس 
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Abstract
Fault observability as well as fault detection and fault location in the transmission lines are studied in this thesis. The importance of finding the fault location in a distribution system with the purpose of increasing reliability and decreasing the maintenance time and cost. Then, different existing fault location algorithms and approaches in the literature are introduced and compared. Also, the electrical faults on transmission and distribution lines are detected and isolated by system protective devices. Transmission lines with series compensators require more attention and special protection settings. Once, the fault has been cleared, outage times can be reduced. In the present thesis the use of artificial neural network (ANN) for extra high voltage (EHV) with series compensated transmission line fault location is demonstrated. The results show that the proposed ANN is promising and very accurate for fault location estimation. Furthermore, the ANN network and compensated line by unit three-phase bank are presented. In addition, a new fault detection and location method have been extensively tested using MATLAB software of a 400-kV, 300-km transmission line. The given results demonstrate the high accuracy and robustness of the ANN-based algorithm. Fault detection, types, locations, path resistances and the fault inception angles are studied. The different power system data currents, voltages, capacitances, angles and time constants of the sources are covered. Experimental results are done to confirm the theoretical results which coincided perfectly together. The results of the present work are complied and clarify with other works.