الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a disease of the brain characterized by a continued propensity to produce epileptic seizures and which causes various deleterious effects on cognitive, psychological, and social domains. The operational definition of epilepsy requires: (1)At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring >24h apart; (2) One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years; (3) Diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome. several studies indicate increased risk for bone loss in patients on antiepileptic medication as well as low levels of serum 25(OH)D, the major circulating form of vitamin D3 Patients and Methods: This is a case control hospital-based study that enrolled 50 patients with idiopathic epilepsy diagnosed according to International League against Epilepsy 2017 revised classification of seizures and epilepsy. Also, 50 healthy control participants were recruited in our study, matching for age and sex with patients. The control group included colleages of the patients, nurses and workers in hospitals. They were not relative to patients or their families and also they had no significant past medical history. This study was conducted from April to August 2020. Samples were obtained in the same time of the year and in the same season to try to overcome the seasonal variation of serum 25(OH) D levels. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in serum vitamin D levels between patients and healthy subjects, being lower in patients. Patients with higher seizure frequency (4 or more per month) had significantly lower level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D than patients with lower seizure frequency. Conclusion from this study, we can conclude that vitamin D deficiency is found in epileptic patients on long term AEDs and associated with increased seizure frequency.