الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study aimed to precise the epidemological profile, course, causes, complications and therapeutic particulities of hyperntrmic dehydration in children. Patients included in this study were all children with hypernatrimia admited to gastroentrology unit in assuit university children hospital with acute gastroentrities during period ofsexmonths. We excluded those with other causes of hypernatremia. & neonates. 47.5% were males and 52.5% were females. The majority of cases were in the infants by 89% followed by the age range 1-5 years 10%, lastly > 5 years were 1 % respectively. Most of cases were from the rural areas by 80 %. age. Regarding the history: the main complaint in most cases was diarrhea & vomiting. History of poor oral intake was found in 38% of studied cases. History of decreased urine output was found in 21.5% of studied cases. History of neurological impairment was found in 7.5% of studied cases in form of disturbed conscious level in 6% and convulsions in 1.5%.Regarding the investigation: mild hypernatremia was present in 18% of cases, moderate hypernatremia was present in 69% of cases, severe hypernatremia was present in 13% of cases, hyperkalemia was present in 8.5% of cases, while hypokalemia was present in 3 % of cases, and hypocalcaemia was present in 7.5% of cases. According to treatment: patients with mild and moderate hypernatremia who had good oral intake were managed by oral rehydration therapy 25 %, while those with moderate hypernatremia and poor oral intake were managed initially with intravenous fluids using half-normal saline in glucose 5% followed by oral rehydration therapy after improvement and establishment of good oral intake 62.5%. Severe hypernatraemic was managed only by deficit and maintenance intravenous fluids (71% of cases ) with 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) in 5% Glucose over 72 - 84 hours in rate 1.25-1.5 times maintenance. In the present study no complications were found during IV therapy.