الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Construction and Archaeology are two professions that have common projects but many times not common goals. In Egypt, when construction excavation is active on a historic site, archaeologists are present to document, and many times, salvage archaeological material when encountered during construction activities. At the same time, the encounter by the contractor can lead to decreased production with long delays and additional cost that will impact the project schedule. This study will assess the common problems associated with construction and archaeology through a combination of a literature search, interviews, survey questionnaire, case study, and personal experience to determine the best way to improve contractor production and at the same time preserve Egypt’s cultural material. Much of the problem surrounds the fact that inadequate or no geophysical surveys are taken and used in preconstruction planning to mitigate or avoid archaeological material by the contractor. Associated with this is that there is no planning tool that is used to consolidate the site data that should be used for site assessments prior to construction activities. The study found that improved procedures by the Egyptian officials utilizing geophysical studies, desk-based assessments along with a modified Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) planning tool put together by a multidisciplined team is the most suitable method to reduce contractor delays and assist in the preservation of archaeological material. The methods suggested do not alter the current practices of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, however; it adds a few procedures to target placement of test pits and other preconstruction activities using the information gained by geophysical testing. The study found that the use of proactive methods conducted in the v preconstruction phase used prior to any delays or encounters rather than the current practice of using reactive methods, benefits both the contractor and the archaeologist and bridges the gap between the two professions. Keywords: Construction, Archaeology, Planning, Failure Mode Effect Analysis, FMEA, Historic Sites, Egypt.