الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out on 1765 clinical cases, and fully monitored for surgical, obstetrical and conservative interventions. Out of 1765, 627 animals (35.53 %) has been exposed to conservative treatment, while 1138 cases have been exposed to surgical (786 cases; 44.53 %) or obstetrical (352 cases; 19.94 %) interventions. All our collected cases admitted from different localities of Kalubia governorate. The surgical affections (n=786) were grouped on the bases of affected region or system into 5 main categories: external swellings (n=443), musculoskeletal affections (n=122), urinary tract affections (n=82), foreign body syndrome (n=27), and miscellenice or other affections (n=112). The other obstetrical affections (n=352) were uterine torsion (n=12), uterine prolapse (n=155), vaginal prolapse (n=13), abnormal attitude fetus (=172). The incidence of surgical and obstetrical affections was studied in relation to species, age and sex. Besides, both surgical and obstetrical affections were managed using conservative and or surgical techniques. The obtained results revealed that the prevalence of surgical and obstetrical affections are affected in relation to species, age, and sex; respectively. Besides, the success rate of all managed cases was about 95 %. In conclusion, this study proved that the prevalence of different affections that required surgical and obstetrical interferences in ruminants animals are affected by species, age, and sex of animals. Besides, the surgical and obstetrical interferences gave encouraging results.
This study was carried out on 1765 clinical cases, and fully monitored for surgical, obstetrical and conservative interventions. Out of 1765, 627 animals (35.53 %) has been exposed to conservative treatment, while 1138 cases have been exposed to surgical (786 cases; 44.53 %) or obstetrical (352 cases; 19.94 %) interventions. All our collected cases admitted from different localities of Kalubia governorate. The surgical affections (n=786) were grouped on the bases of affected region or system into 5 main categories: external swellings (n=443), musculoskeletal affections (n=122), urinary tract affections (n=82), foreign body syndrome (n=27), and miscellenice or other affections (n=112). The other obstetrical affections (n=352) were uterine torsion (n=12), uterine prolapse (n=155), vaginal prolapse (n=13), abnormal attitude fetus (=172). The incidence of surgical and obstetrical affections was studied in relation to species, age and sex. Besides, both surgical and obstetrical affections were managed using conservative and or surgical techniques. The obtained results revealed that the prevalence of surgical and obstetrical affections are affected in relation to species, age, and sex; respectively. Besides, the success rate of all managed cases was about 95 %. In conclusion, this study proved that the prevalence of different affections that required surgical and obstetrical interferences in ruminants animals are affected by species, age, and sex of animals. Besides, the surgical and obstetrical interferences gave encouraging results.