الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Groundwater is an underground wealth of clean, healthy water for human and human use, stored in the depths of the globe. It is estimated at about 97%, or about 100,000 km², while surface water represents only 3% of the total water that forms three quarters of the globe, and this shows us that the exploitation of groundwater is more useful to meet the needs of humanity, but their use has been limited due to lack of understanding of how they exist and the nature of movement in the depths of the earth, limited exploitation in the desert areas where there is no surface water. The development of drilling and extraction tools at the turn of the century contributes to the extraction of more groundwater, which has increased dependence, especially after the population explosion and the lack of surface water. The main source of groundwater is the rain falling from the sky, whether it is cold, snow or ordinary rain, and the melting of glaciers due to global warming over the years and seasonal and permanent rivers, as these sources seep into the earth by the type of soil touching them and rocks, the soil or porous rocks are disintegrating and leak through them a larger part of the water compared to soil or rock solid cohesive low porosity, rainwater, rivers and ice. Other sources of groundwater are as follows: Pond water is one of the underground aquifers stored in sedimentary rocks during deposition processes hundreds of years ago, which has been preserved to the present day. Water is called modern water, which is the water associated with the fire activity and moves a block of fire over the crust of the earth, or the surface, resulting in the explosion of hot water rich in the past stored between rock particles. Mamdouh Abdo Summary IV Saltwater is the water found in coastal areas, also called marine or oceanic waters where it leaks into the land rocks.