الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
This study was a randomized clinical trial included 28 implants divided equally 14 for each group.
Comparison was done between two CBCT radiographs taken, one before implant insertion and the other one following implant insertion to compare between the virtually planned implant position and the actual implant position after insertion using the differently constructed surgical guide; CAD/CAM milling and rapid Prototyping (3D printing).
Comparison included: three deviation parameters were used to evaluate the amount of deviation between the pre-operative plan and the actual position: coronal, apical and angular deviation.
Blue sky Software was utilized for virtual implant planning. After planning of the surgical guide, STL file was exported and printed with either 3D printing or CAD/CAM milling.
Implants were installed in the premolar- molar areas following computer aided surgical guides with the aid of computer designed & manufactured surgical guides.
Another post-operative CBCT scan was made for the patients. Superimposition of the pre-operative CBCT (virtual planning) and the postoperative CBCT after implants insertion (actual implant position) was made.
Evaluation of Accuracy: The difference between the planned and the actual implants in three-dimensional view was calculated in two parts, the coronal and the apical parts, and is called the total sum of the coronal and apical differences. In addition, the angular deviation which is the three-dimensional angle between the long axis of the planned and the actual implant.
There were a statistically significant higher coronal, apical and angular deviation mean values between the virtual and the actual implants placement of group II than of group I.