الفهرس 
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Abstract
Essential HTN is a major risk factor for many cardiovascular events including ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia or heart failure.(2,3)
It is associated with structural alteration of LV fibers ( LVH ) & LV mechanics ,so it associated with subtle impairement of LV systolic function before reduction of LVEF.(9)
Early detection of these changes can lead to early treatment of HTN & LVH & prevention of these cardiovascular complications.
Conventional echocardiography can detect reduction of LV systolic function only in late stage in case of LVEF drop.(5)
So the use of 2D STE can early detect the reduction of myocardial deformation through detection of LV global & segmental longtitudinal systolic strain.(13,14)
Our study was designed to asses the left ventricular systolic function using myocardial deformation imaging , 2D speckle tracking echocardiography for assessment of LV global & segmental longtitudinal systolic strain in hypertensive patients with & without LVH as an early detector of reduced myocardial deformation for early prediction of systolic function impairement before it can be detected by conventional echocardiography.
The study was done over 90 persons divided as the following , 30 healthy age & sex matched persons without HTN or any other cardiovascular diseases ( group I control ) , 40 hypertensive persons without echocardiographic evidence of LVH (group II) & 20 hypertensive persons with echocardiographic evidence of LVH (group III).
All of the study population were subjected to all of the following:
• History taking , general & cardiovascular examination
• 12 lead ECG
• Conventional echocardiography
• 2D speckle tracking echocardiography
Summary
The results of our study shows the following:
Regarding LVMI measured by conventional 2D echocardiography:
There was no significant difference between group I (control group)& group II (hypertensive patients without LVH). But it was significantly higher in group III ( hypertensive patients with LVH) compared to group II.
Regarding LV systolic function measurement by different echo modalitied:
There is no significant change in LV EF by conventional echocardiography between the 3 groups.
But there is significant reduction in the LV segmental longtitudinal systolic strain in group II & III compared to group I.
There is significant reduction in the LV segmental longtitudinal systolic strain in group III compared to group II.
There is no significant reduction in the LV global longtitudinal systolic strain in the three groups.
The reduction in the LV segmental longtitudinal systolic strain denotes subtle impairement of the LV systolic function before reduction of LV EF.