الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis is an interdisciplinary study between literature and linguistics. The
researcher applies a stylistic approach to analyze the two novels; Arundhati Roy’s The
God of Small Things (1997) and Leila Aboulela’s The Kindness of Enemies in (2015).
The main aim of this study is to investigate the types and functions of lexical
parallelism in the two novels. It also aims to show how the use of parallelism sheds
light on the main themes in both novels. This research applies quantitative and
qualitative methods. The theoretical framework of this study is the list of types of the
lexical parallelism model developed by Dennis Rygiel (1994), and the list of functions
of verbal repetition model developed by Deborah Tannen (2007), in addition to further
discussion on the functions of parallelism in the novel. The data were collected by
reading the novels, classifying the data, and analyzing them. The researcher was the
primary instrument of this study and the table form acted as the secondary instrument.
The results of the research are as follows; (1) Among nine types of lexical
parallelism developed by Rygiel (1994), all of them are observed in the novels; The
God of Small Things (1997) and The Kindness of Enemies (2015), namely anaphora,
epistrophe, symploce, epanalepsis, anadiplosis, medial, chiasmus, pleonasm,
antithesis. (2) All four functions based on Tannen‟s theory are found, i.e. production,
comprehension, connection, and interaction. In addition to other two functions found
in the novels which are; emphasis and overshadowing. (3) There are four common
themes which are extracted from the use of lexical parallelism in both novels. These
themes are; love, resistance, political issues, and fear. This study shows how both nonnative novelists, who have different backgrounds, use parallelism as a main tool of
their writing style to determine certain concepts.
Keywords: lexical parallelism, stylistic analysis, anaphora, epistrophe,
symploce, epanalepsis, anadiplosis, medial, pleonasm, antithesis, production,
comprehension, connection, interaction