الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 212 |  |  |
| | | from | 212 | | |
Abstract
Based on the findings of this study, it could be concluded that plant extracts such as (seeds of black pepper with ethanol , Artemisia cina with ethanol extracts), salicylic acid as antioxidant and also bioagents are potential inhibitors to radial mycelial growth and sclerotia germination of S.cepivorum compared with fungicides, Vitavax-200( carboxin /thiram) and Topsin-70 M( thiophenat methyl).
Mixing the soil surface with bio agents, salicylic acid, plant extracts and fungicides, Vitavax-200 and Topsin-70 M alone could be recommended for controlling the white rot disease in onion plants caused by Sclerotium cepivorum and enhancing the vegetative growth and bulb yield of onion plants.
Seeds of black pepper with ethanol, Artemisia cina with ethanol extracts, bio agents and salicylic acid could classify as ” Unlikely to present acute hazard compound so, it is considered as natural, safe, and environmentally friendly fungicides to minimize the usage of hazardous chemicals in agriculture.
The efficacy of plant extracts new formulations, through ethanol and aqueous extracts, it is considered as wettable powder against white rot pathogen of onion plant, in comparison with synthetic fungicides, Vitavax-200 and Topsin-M.
Further studies on isolation and chemical elucidation of the active constituents in both extracts are needed before the possible use of these extracts in control strategies of this fungus.