الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cataract surgery with phacoemulsification continues to be one of the most popular surgical procedures in ophthalmologic practice. On examining the RNFL thickness by OCT, the media opacity caused by cataract will increase light scattering and absorption, so the RNFL thickness measurement can be increased after uncomplicated cataract surgery also, inflammatory reaction by mechanical injury of phacoemulsification surgery, traction reaction of optic nerve head induced by parts of vitreous liquefaction in ultrasonic emulsification process, with the addition of optic neuropathy from ultrasonic energy. For all above, these factors could increase NFL thickness. This study including 20 eyes of high axial myopic cataracts patients (group Ⅰ) and 10 eyes of normal cataracts patients (group Ⅱ) from which age range between (50-70) years old , males were (30%) and females were (70%) in group Ⅰ and males (50%) were equal to female (50%) in group Ⅱ In group Ⅰ Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness averages were 80.300 ±17.101 μm , 84.900±16.141μm and 96.600 ±11.975 μm one day preoperative, after 1st week of postoperative, and one month later respectively. We found a statistically significant increase in the 1st week and the 1st month after surgery than preoperative (P <0.001) and there is significant changes between one week and one month post-operative images (P <0.001). Image quality of peri-papillary RNFL in group Ⅰ averages were 22.200±6.614, 27.300±4.747, 27.400±4.661 one day before phaco, after one week of surgery, and one month later respectively. We found a statistically high significant changes in the image quality between pre-operative image and the one week post-operative image (P>0.01). While there is nonsignificant changes between one week and one month post-operative images (P >0.05). In group Ⅱ Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness averages were 115.700±3.129μm, 118.700±3.234μm and 122.600 ±4.033 μm one day preoperative, after 1st week of postoperative, and one month later respectively. We found a statistically significant increase in the 1st week and the 1st month after surgery than preoperative (P <0.001) and there is significant changes between one week and one month post-operative images (P <0.001). Image quality of peri-papillary RNFL in group Ⅱ averages were 25.900±3.479, 32.200±2.658, 32.400±2.366 one day before phaco, after one week of surgery, and one month later respectively. We found a statistically high significant changes in the image quality between pre-operative image and the one week post-operative image (P>0.01). While there is nonsignificant changes between one week and one month post-operative images (P >0.05).