الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common
types of cancer in the world, accounting for 85- 90% of the total
primary liver cancer burden worldwide. It is also the second most
frequent cause of cancer-related mortality. In Egypt, HCC is the second
and fifth most common malignancy in men and women; respectively.
The rising incidence of HCC may be due to high prevalence of HCV
and its complications.
Risk factors of HCC can be broadly classified into genetic,
clinical and environmental, in genetic risk factor, the most common
type of genomic sequence variation is single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) and is thought to be associated with population diversity,
susceptibility to disease, and individual response to drug treatment.
Clinical risk factors include: cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)
infection, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Co-infection of
HBV and HCV virus, schistosomiasis, alcoholism, aflatoxin B1
(AFB1) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Environmental risk factors include
pesticides and cigarette smoking.
Matrix metalloproteinases-11 (MMP-11) is one of MMPs
family, and it is known as stromelysin-3, it plays an important role in
intense tissue remodeling during embryogenesis, as well as tissue
involution and it has been observed during wound healing in normal
physiologic conditions. However MMP-11 is unlike most MMP family
members which does not cleave major components of the ECM, the
laminin receptor, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, collagen
VI, and α1-proteinase inhibitor are major substrates of MMP-11.