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Abstract Summary and Conclusion AF, the most common arrhythmia met in clinical practice, is associated with major morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is expected to rise steeply in the upcoming years. Hence to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of this arrhythmia and the potential to reverse them is crucial to decrease the incidence of AF and maybe even reverse the process in certain situations. Growing evidence suggests that EAT, the unique visceral fat depot of the heart, is closely implicated not only in the pathogenesis of AF through several mechanisms, but also in the AF recurrence after ablation. This study was conducted between April 2019 and April 2020 on 25 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and 25 subjects with normal sinus rhythm as a control group matched in body weight, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age and sex at cardiovascular medicine department Tanta university hospital and Alexandria police hospital. Waist circumference was measured. The diagnosis of AF was based on a single 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or a 24-hr Holter. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) as epicardial adipose tissue thickness, left atrial diameter, volume, filling pressure and LV systolic function were measured. Lipid profile |